Zayd ibn Ali

Zaid ibn ʿ Alī ibn al -Husayn (Arabic زيد بن علي بن الحسين, DMG Zaid ibn ʿ Alī b al -Husayn, . † 740 ) was a great-grandson of ʿ Alī ibn Abī Taalib and Fatima bint Mohammed, the 739/40 in Kufa a revolt against the Umayyads led. On him the Zaydi alignment of the Shia is returned.

Zaid was the son of ʿ Alī ibn Husayn Zain al - ʿ Abidin ( d. 712/3 ) and a slave girl from Sindh named Dschaidā and grew up in Medina. His 18 years older brother Muhammad ibn ʿ Alī al - Baqir, who took over the leadership of the Husainiden after his father's death, the leadership of a dispute entrusted him with the Hasaniden to the foundations ( Sadaqat ) of ʿ Alī ibn Abī Taalib. When his opponent this occurred ʿ Abd, the grandson of Hasan ibn ʿ Alī, on which these foundations had in his hand. When it became clear that the Umayyad governor Khalid ibn ʿ Abd al -Malik took advantage of the litigation in order to discredit the Aliden, Zaid gave his commitment to the cause.

In the year 739 to Zaid went to Kufa and called on the Shiites to rebel against the Umayyads. Although he was initially able to gather several thousand Shiites behind him, but fell the most from him again when she saw that he was not willing to revile the first two caliphs. Those Shiites, who insisted on vilification of the first two caliphs, have since been as Rāfiḍiten ( " rejectors ", from Zaid ibn ʿ Alī ) denotes that other Shiites, the Imamate of the first two caliphs Abu Bakr and ʿ Umar recognized as legitimate and thus a more moderate Shiite doctrine represented, because of their association with Zaid as Zaidi.

Zaid's revolt against the Caliph Hisham in 740 failed due to the low support fail by the Kufic Shiites; Zaid fell in Kufa in street fighting against the troops of the governor. Its still young son Yahya fled to Khorasan and sought in the area of Herat to rise again, but fell 743 in the fight against the Umayyad government troops.

Zaid is also regarded as the founder of a separate legal school ( madhhab ). Ibrāhīm ibn az- Zibriqān (d. 799 ) presented in his name together a compendium of religious law, which has become known as Musnad Zayd ibn ʿ Alī. Under the title Corpus Juris di Zayd b. ʿ Alī it was published by E. Griffini 1919 in Milano for the first time. Since this work, however, the Kufic and not Medinan legal tradition reflects, it is unlikely that Zaid had great share in its formation. Ibrāhīm ibn az- Zibriqān gave to the Kufenser Abū ʿ Amr Khalid ibn Khalid al - Wasiti as informant for his work. He had claimed to have received this work in five visits in the Medina of Zaid. It is now generally assumed that compiled in the Musnad Abu Khalid's teachings reflect your own views.