Zillertal Alps

Dep1p1f1dep2p5

The Zillertal Alps are a mountain range that is part of a sub-group of the Austrian Central Alps, part of the Eastern Alps. Its neighbors are Austria with the provinces of Tyrol and Salzburg, as well as the Autonomous Province of South Tyrol Italy. The Salzburg share is limited to a corner in the northeast of the area. The Zillertal Alps reach their main crest mountain heights of over 3500 meters, its highest mountain is the Hochfeiler.

Adjacent Mountain Ranges

The Zillertal Alps border the following other mountain groups in the Alps:

  • Tux Alps ( in the north)
  • Kitzbühel Alps (north-east )
  • Venedigergruppe (in the east )
  • Rieserfernergruppe ( in the southeast )
  • Dolomites ( in the south)
  • Sarntaler Alps (southwest )
  • Stubai Alps ( in the west)

Boundary

In the east the Krimml Achen Valley forms the border from Krimml to Birnlücke. To the southeast is the boundary of the Birnlücke along the Aurina Valley to Brunico in Val Pusteria. The boundary to the south is formed by the Val Pusteria Brunico along the Rienz downstream to the confluence with the Eisack. In the west the boundary runs along the Eisacktal from the confluence of the Riens in the Eisack upriver to the Brenner Pass. From there it goes down through the Wipptal to the confluence of the Schmirnbachs. The border in the north runs from St. Jodok am Brenner along the Schmirntals and Kaserer Winkl for Tux yoke. From there it goes along the Tux valley to Mayrhofen Ziller Valley and along the downstream to Zell am Ziller. Then the boundary runs along the Gerlostals over the Gerlos Pass and along the Salzach River to the confluence of Krimml River.

The Birnlücke connects the Zillertal Alps to the Venice Group. The Brenner Pass provides the connection with the Stubai Alps. The Tux yoke connects the Zillertal Alps with the Tux Alps.

The main ridge with the highest peaks of the Zillertal Alps runs in an east -west direction. The state border between Italy and Austria since 1919 follows this course. The easternmost point of the Zillertal Alps is the Birnlücke with 2665 m above sea level. A. height. The westernmost point of the main ridge is the Brenner Pass.

Geology

The Zillertal Alps are mainly composed of granite gneiss (central gneiss of the Zillertal core ) and rocks of the Tauern Schieferhülle. The high valleys, referred to as reasons, are used with dams to generate electricity by hydropower, to supply and the planned future export of drinking water. The area of the Zillertal Alps Nature Park is set as protected as endangered animal and plant species here are still at home.

Glacier

Numerous glaciers cover from a height of about 2500 m above sea level. A. particularly the northern areas, but are strong on the wane by the Global Warming. In South Tyrol part of the Zillertal Alps, the glaciers are higher and smaller. Some of the highest peaks in the three main ridge can therefore be committed from the south " ice-free ".

Along the Zillertal main ridge are some significant glacier ( from west to east ):

  • Frozen Wall Kees ( named because of the ski area also Hintertux Glacier )
  • Furthermore Glider
  • Schlegeiskees
  • Waxeggkees
  • Nöfesferner
  • Hornkees
  • Schwarzensteinkees
  • Floitenkees
  • Löfflerkees
  • Stillupkees

Subgroups

The Zillertal Alps are divided into the following subgroups:

  • Tux Main Ridge
  • Zillertal main ridge and side combs A further sub -divisions are: the main ridge, high plate comb, comb Greiner, Mörchen and Igentkamm, Floitenkamm, Maple Ridge, Riblerkamm, Magnerkamm.
  • Reichenspitzgruppe and eastern Ziller combs A further sub -divisions are: Reichenspitzgruppe comb, comb Gerlos, Schoenach comb, comb Wimmer, Schwarzach comb, comb Ziller, Klockerkarstock.
  • Pfunderer mountains A further sub -divisions are: Kreuzspitz comb, Platt pointed crest, Wurmaulkamm, Grubbach comb, comb Mühlwalder.

Significant elevations are:

  • Hochfeiler, 3,509 m
  • Big Möseler, 3,478 m
  • Olperer, 3,476 m
  • Furthermore, high peak, 3,463 m
  • Turnerkamp, 3,418 m
  • Schramm Acher, 3,411 m
  • Big Löffler, 3,376 m
  • High Weißzint, 3,371 m
  • Black stone, 3,368 m
  • Reichenspitze, 3,303 m
  • Wild Kreuzspitze, 3,134 m

Exploration and development history

The first recorded scientific and geographical representation of the Zillertal Alps appeared in the Atlas Tyrolensis by Peter Anich and Blasius Hueber from 1774. Already there appeared the names of several high mountains that have been climbed and measured but only in the middle of the 19th century. The first description of the Zemmgrundgletscher, Waxegg, horn and Schwarzensteinkees comes from Francis of Paula cabinet and Karl von Moll, 1783, an excursion into the high alpine region of the Zillertal Alps undertook and report their findings in the Natural History ( n ) Covers (s) published over Oestreich, Salzburg, Passau and Berchtesgaden in 1785. At the suggestion of Archduke Johann traveled around 1800 mineralogist Gebhard which because of its mineral resources has long been known area around the Great Greiner, a to 3200 m high mountain ridge between Schlegeis and Zemmgrund. But all these and also other scientific excursions had ostensibly never ascents of peaks to the target.

It was only on September 1, 1840 began the era that came to be called Classic mountaineering. On this day, Peter Carl Thurwieser climbed the 2976 meter high peak at Maple Mayrhofen. 1843 was followed by the ascent of the Great spoonbill and the 2767 meter high Dristners, above Ginzling, by the Bergrat Mark Vincent Lipold. Subsequently, many more inspections were undertaken, the tourist interest had been aroused. In the years 1852-54 the military recognized the need for accurate maps and began a large-scale survey, also called triangulation. Many two- and three- meter peaks of the Zillertal main ridge were provided with measuring rods.

The next period, which was again inundated with tourists and lasted until around 1866, launched 1858, the alpinists Paul Grohmann and Anton von Ruthner one. Prior to 1856, only a significant first ascent on the rich peak ( 3303 m) by a farmer from Prettau remained anonymous. In the summers of 1865-67 Paul Grohmann defeated the Hochfeiler and Olperer, Ruthner was in the Zillertal Alps, however only on the black stone is successful, his merit, however, lies primarily in his cartographic work and, together with Grohmann, in the founding of the Austrian Alpine Association November 19, 1862.

1865 appeared the English mountaineer GH Fox, Douglas William Freshfield and Francis Fox Tuckett with their guides and Peter Michel François Devouassoud in the Zillertal Alps and climbed for the first time the Great Möseler. A second British company in 1872 with WH Hudson, C. Taylor and R. Pendlebury led to the first recognized in the literature ascent of Turner Kamps. 1867 led Carl Sonklar in the field extensive field surveys.

After the founding of the Alpine Club established a reinforced further tourist development of the Zillertal Alps, with the construction of pathways and construction of shelters. First the Berlin section began in 1879 with the building of the Berlin lodge, the Prague section followed in 1881 with the Olpererhütte, and the 1930 finished Friesenberghaus ended the hut construction activity. With the completion of the Zillertal Railway in the summer of 1902, the Zillertal Alps for travelers from all over Europe were easily accessible, an economic revival, particularly in the tourism sector, continues to this day.

The core area of the mountain range is protected on the Austrian side since 2006 as a Nature Park Zillertal main ridge, a small part on the Italian side is located in the Rieserferner Ahrn.

Refuges

  • Berliner Hut
  • Chemnitz hut
  • Edelhütte
  • Edelraut
  • Furtschaglhaus
  • Friesenberghaus
  • Gamshütte
  • Gera hut
  • Greizer hut
  • Hochfeiler hut
  • Kassel hut
  • Kolmhaus
  • Landshut Europahütte
  • Olpererhütte
  • Plauen hut
  • Black stone hut
  • Spannagelhaus
  • Zittau hut

Fern-/Weitwanderwege

The tourist development of the Zillertal Alps began only in the second half of the 19th century, when the shelters and roads were built by the Alpine Club. Before that were set by the long climb first ascents way certain limits. Today the Zillertal Alps are fully developed. The majority of the population lives on tourism. The whole area is criss-crossed by a large number of hiking trails. International and Austrian long-distance footpaths pass through the Zillertal Alps.

A selection of ways:

  • Via Alpina Red Trail
  • Austrian long-distance trail 02, Zentralalpenweg
  • Traumpfad Munich - Venice

High alpine altitude trails:

  • Berlin High Trail, containing Aschaffenburg Trail
  • Dreiländerweg
  • Lusatian trail
  • Stabelerweg
  • Neveser trail
  • Pfunderer trail
Venediger Group Rieserferner Group Sarntal Alps Pustertal Tuxer Joch Gerlospass Schrammacher Schwarzenstein (Zillertal Alps) Hoher Riffler (Zillertal Alps) Wilde Kreuzspitze Rieserferner-Ahrn Nature Park Bergverlag Rother Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps Ankogel Group Glockner Group Goldberg Group Granatspitze Group Gurktal Alps Kreuzeck group Lavanttal Alps Samnaun Alps Schober group Silvretta Alps Integrated Authority File
646392
de