Zurich German
Spoken in
- Indo-European Germanic West - Germanic German upper German Alemannisch High Alemannic Zurich German
-
Gsw ( Swiss German )
Gsw ( Swiss German )
Zurich German (proper name: Züritüütsch ) is the Alemannic dialect spoken mainly in the Swiss canton of Zurich.
- 2.2.1 Vocabulary
- 2.2.2 Translation Example
- 4.1 About Zurich German 4.1.1 General
- Dictionaries 4.1.2
- 4.1.3 grammars
- 4.1.4 Special studies
- 4.1.5 spelling
- 4.1.6 Teaching Aids
Distribution area
The distribution area of Zurich German is primarily the Canton of Zurich. Except for a small border near Frauenfeld, which includes the municipalities Ellikon and Hagenbuch in the north part of the wine country and Rafzerfeld as well as in the East. These three areas are attributed to schaffhausisch - Thurgau dialect variant. But the Zurich German distribution area also includes adjacent areas outside the canton of Zurich, for example in Rapperswil-Jona in the canton of St. Gallen.
At the population of the Canton of Zurich ( 1.2 million ) measured is the Zurich dialect of Alemannic dialect most widely spoken in Switzerland.
Features
Zurich is a German dialect hochalemannischer and has all the typical features of the Alemannic on. It has its own, perceived by many as a rough sound. The characteristic " ch " and " k " (" kch " ( kx )) are - as in almost all Swiss German dialects - especially pronounced throaty, but also the vowels, especially the "a", which although is very low, in contrast to the other northern Swiss dialects but not up to the open " o " is verdumpft.
The Zurich German has undergone since the 19th century a balancing process in which disappeared many peculiarities. In particular, the language spoken in the city of Zurich version has changed significantly (eg miini woman instead of the original mi wife ). Nevertheless, the differences between different regional variants of Zurich Germans are clear lake ( with city Zurich ) Winterthur, Oberland (Code: Strooss instead Straass ), Lowlands ( linguistically closer to Winterthur ), Wine Country ( belongs linguistically already for the Northeast Swiss German ) and Knonauer Office ( tends already to the central Swiss German ).
Characteristics of the regional forms
In the literature, spoken in the city and the lake form is assumed to be normal form. It is added at the following regional examples behind the regional form in brackets.
Wine Country
North of Thur and Rhine wine country dialect is spoken, the linguistic already listened to the schaffhausisch - Thurgau dialect region, although these elements are now partially pushed back from Zurich German. Classic wine terrain -driven, consequently, are the lack of Zurich German on Open ä [ æ ], in its place open è [ ɛ ] occurs, such as lèse for Zurich German were reading, or Lautungen as Braat for Zurich German bräit, üüs for Zurich German ÖIS or he siet / siət / Zurich for German he gseet ( he sees ).
Winterthur
Common knowledge is otherwise common in the Eastern form nid, NIID (otherwise nöd, nööd ). Next we hear in the districts of Winterthur and Andelfingen Nescht (otherwise Näscht ) and Bese (otherwise Bäse ).
Lowlands
Same as at Winterthur is called the neutral item e, eg e Chind ( otherwise it Chind ). In contrast, it is called analog to the southern part of the canton ued, nüüd [ not ]. Same as in the office it says here but Tüne (otherwise WEEE) [ Flan ].
Oberland
Here in particular, stands the long closed oo instead of aa forth: Strooss (otherwise Straass ) spoot, (otherwise spaat ) Broote (otherwise Braate ) schlooffe, (otherwise schlaaffe ) Spitool (otherwise Spitaal ). That the rest of the Zurich German long ago had this Verdumpfung once, it is clear that in the other cases denominated as Ströössli, spööter, schlööffele the Verdumpfung common is Zurich German. ii, uu and üü be shortened on a t: Zit ( Ziit ) Fritig ( Friitig ) Züritütsch ( Züritüütsch ) Chrüz ( Chrüüz ).
Lakes region
The Seemundart, which also includes the dialect of the city of Zurich, is the real center of many phenomena of Zurich German. Until the 20th century, the lake region, for example, was the center of Zurich German strain of low vowels in open syllables and monosyllabic feminines, for example lääse (read), Naas ( nose), Flüüg ( fly), today - as earlier in the most neighboring dialects and since ages in the northern German Zurich - were reading, nose, Flüüge. In the region around the upper lake ( up to and including Richterswil / Stafa and without the city of Zurich ), the typical Zurich ä is slightly flattened emphasizes the change from nöd to nid / It snows to it schniit but takes place only in Pfäffikon.
Office
In the south and southwest of the canton Zurich as shown in the adjacent open Office ( Switzerland ) and Zugerland and generally speaking, as in most Swiss German dialects the sonant long ( ll, mm, nn), which have been lenited in the rest of Zurich German (l, m, n ). It says so here: gfalle (otherwise gfale in Zurich ), schwümme (otherwise schwüme ). The Albis chain is then the boundary between eastern and western neutral over an open ä è (formerly written ë ) in the cases of high German " have, has, for when ". So the Knonauer office is in this case already as the western Swiss German: you Hesch (otherwise in Zurich Bunny cover ), he hed (otherwise HäT ) because (otherwise dänn ) if, (otherwise wänn ). A central Switzerland, the train Aemtler dialect then in the verbal plural ending, which I / ir / si machid, the rest Zurich German but mached is here. Just for herself is the Säuliamt with the debates olt ( old), cholt ( ChaLt ) Olbis ( Albis ).
Examples
Vocabulary
Translation example
" Isch s Hoochtüütsch würkli so SCHWEER?
Häisst S, s Hoochtüütsch seg e Fremdspraach.
And koomisch: Me säit Hoochtüütsch and noted gaar nöd that me sälber au Hoochtüütsch redt, nu e chli Andersch as di Tüütsche.
Daa HäT mi e z Greek woman country Woni i de férié GSII bi, ime groosse hotel corridor ine gfrööget:
Translation:
"Is that high German really that hard?
It is said that the High German is a foreign language.
And funny: They say high German and did not realize that you are talking about yourself too high German, just a little different than the Germans.
Since I was a woman in Greece, where I've been on vacation, asked in a large hotel corridor:
Significance and position
Due to the central function of the city of Zurich dialect spoken here is a focal point of the processes that go towards a unified northern and eastern Switzerland dialect. Due to the large number of speakers and the role of Zurich as a business and media center has this "modern" Zurich German, especially in the media a certain dominance among Swiss dialects. This is frowned upon in the rest of German Switzerland and is partly responsible for a so-called " anti - Zurich - reflex ". However, it must also be noted that the Zurich dialect has many peculiarities abandoned in favor of features of other dialects and in particular the High German and further gives up; can of displacement of other dialects by the Zurich German thus be no question, but rather by the emergence of a real large-scale Koiné.
With inter alia, Trio Eugster, the closing Remer Chind, the Minstrels, Toni Vescoli Jimmy Muff and in recent times with Schtärneföifi, Big Zis, Phenomden and Bligg has next to Bern German and Zurich German dialect Music widespread.