13th century BC

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The 13th century BC started on January 1, 1300 BC and ended on December 31, 1201 BC

  • 2.1 pharaohs of Egypt
  • 2.2 King of Amurru
  • 2.3 kings of Assyria
  • 2.4 kings of Babylonia
  • 2.5 Kings of China
  • 2.6 kings of Elam
  • 2.7 kings of the Hittite Empire
  • 2.8 kings of Ugarit
  • 2.9 Other

Events / developments

  • In the 13th century BC was probably the Aramaic kingdom of Aram - Damascus.
  • In the 13th century BC ( between 1300 BC and 1200 BC), a battle took place in Tollensetal. The battle is the first known major armed conflict in the North European Bronze Age.
  • 1285 BC ( 1274 BC according to short chronology ): Battle of the Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II at Kadesh against the Hittites ( battle of Qades )
  • 1282 BC (1271 BC according to short chronology ): Pharaoh Ramses II conquered Dapur ( Battle of Dapur ).
  • 1278 BC, Pi -Ramesses the capital of Egypt.
  • 1269 BC ( 1259 BC according to short chronology ): peace treaty between Egypt and the Hittite Empire, is the oldest preserved peace treaty
  • Around 1250 BC the Israelites settle in Canaan.
  • Around 1230 BC: First mention of Asia Minor Kingdom Izalla
  • 1226 BC: The eruption of Mount Etna in Sicily
  • By 1208 BC the Egyptian pharaoh Merneptah defeated at the Battle of Sais Libyans and Sea Peoples.
  • 1208 BC: Israel is mentioned for the first time on the Merneptah Stele (Israel Stele ).

Culture

  • Around 1250 BC: The Egyptian Queen Nefertari playing " Senet ", a forerunner of today's checkers. On her tomb this scene is immortalized.
  • Around 1250 BC: The Lion Gate of Mycenae is built as the main gate of the Cyclopean ramparts of the upper town.
  • Around 1250 BC: The temple of Abu Simbel was built around this time.

Personalities

Note: The Government of years can not yet be determined accurately in this century. Therefore, it is approximate estimates.

Pharaohs of Egypt

  • Horemheb (1319-1292 BC)
  • Ramses I (1292-1290 BC. / Founder of the 19th dynasty )
  • Seti I (1290-1279 BC)
  • Ramses II (1279-1213 BC)
  • Merneptah (1213-1204 BC)
  • Seti II (1204-1198 BC)
  • Amenmesse (1203-1200 BC. / Maybe anti-king )

King of Amurru

  • Bentešina (1280-1275 BC and 1260-1230 BC)

Kings of Assyria

  • Arik -den- ili (1307-1296 BC)
  • Adad - nirari I. (1295-1264 BC)
  • Shalmaneser I (1263-1234 BC)
  • Tukulti - Ninurta I (1233-1197 BC)

Kings of Babylon

  • Nazi Maruttaš (1307-1282 BC)
  • Kadašman - Turgu (1281-1264 BC)
  • Kadašman - Enlil II (1263-1254 BC)
  • Kudur - Enlil I (1254-1245 BC)
  • Šagarakti - šuriaš (1245-1232 BC)
  • Kaštiliaš IV (1232-1225 BC)
  • Tukulti - Ninurta I (1225-1224 BC)
  • Enlil -nadin- šumi (1224-1223 BC)
  • Kadašman - Harbe II (1223-1222 BC)
  • Adad - šuma - iddina (1222-1216 BC)
  • Adad - šuma - usur (1216-1186 BC)

Kings of China

  • Pan Geng ( 1300 -? ? BCE)
  • Xiao Xin ( -? ?? BCE)
  • Xiao Yi (? ? -1251 BC)
  • Wu Ding (1250-1192 BC)

Kings of Elam

  • Napiriša - untaš (1276-1266 BC)
  • Hallutuš - Inšušinak (1205-1185 BC)

Kings of the Hittite Empire

  • Mursili II (1318-1290 BC)
  • Muwattalli II (1290-1272 BC)
  • Mursili III. (1272-1266 BC)
  • Hattusili III. (1266-1236 BC)
  • Tudhalija IV (1236-1215 BC)
  • Kurunta ( 1220 BC. / After civil war may briefly king)
  • Arnuwanda III. (1215-1214 BC)
  • Suppiuliuma II ( 1214-1190/80 BC)

Kings of Ugarit

  • Niqmepa VI. (1313-1265 BC)
  • Ammistamru III. (1265-1240 BC)
  • Ibiranu VI. (1240-1225 BC)
  • Niqmaddu III. (1225-1215 BC)
  • ' Ammu - rapi III. ( 1215-1194/88 BC)

Other

  • Moses ( biblical )

Inventions and Discoveries

  • Starting at 1250 BC, the Egyptians understood it to produce quartz sand and plant ash glass blocks.
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