13th century BC
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The 13th century BC started on January 1, 1300 BC and ended on December 31, 1201 BC
- 2.1 pharaohs of Egypt
- 2.2 King of Amurru
- 2.3 kings of Assyria
- 2.4 kings of Babylonia
- 2.5 Kings of China
- 2.6 kings of Elam
- 2.7 kings of the Hittite Empire
- 2.8 kings of Ugarit
- 2.9 Other
Events / developments
- In the 13th century BC was probably the Aramaic kingdom of Aram - Damascus.
- In the 13th century BC ( between 1300 BC and 1200 BC), a battle took place in Tollensetal. The battle is the first known major armed conflict in the North European Bronze Age.
- 1285 BC ( 1274 BC according to short chronology ): Battle of the Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II at Kadesh against the Hittites ( battle of Qades )
- 1282 BC (1271 BC according to short chronology ): Pharaoh Ramses II conquered Dapur ( Battle of Dapur ).
- 1278 BC, Pi -Ramesses the capital of Egypt.
- 1269 BC ( 1259 BC according to short chronology ): peace treaty between Egypt and the Hittite Empire, is the oldest preserved peace treaty
- Around 1250 BC the Israelites settle in Canaan.
- Around 1230 BC: First mention of Asia Minor Kingdom Izalla
- 1226 BC: The eruption of Mount Etna in Sicily
- By 1208 BC the Egyptian pharaoh Merneptah defeated at the Battle of Sais Libyans and Sea Peoples.
- 1208 BC: Israel is mentioned for the first time on the Merneptah Stele (Israel Stele ).
Culture
- Around 1250 BC: The Egyptian Queen Nefertari playing " Senet ", a forerunner of today's checkers. On her tomb this scene is immortalized.
- Around 1250 BC: The Lion Gate of Mycenae is built as the main gate of the Cyclopean ramparts of the upper town.
- Around 1250 BC: The temple of Abu Simbel was built around this time.
Personalities
Note: The Government of years can not yet be determined accurately in this century. Therefore, it is approximate estimates.
Pharaohs of Egypt
- Horemheb (1319-1292 BC)
- Ramses I (1292-1290 BC. / Founder of the 19th dynasty )
- Seti I (1290-1279 BC)
- Ramses II (1279-1213 BC)
- Merneptah (1213-1204 BC)
- Seti II (1204-1198 BC)
- Amenmesse (1203-1200 BC. / Maybe anti-king )
King of Amurru
- Bentešina (1280-1275 BC and 1260-1230 BC)
Kings of Assyria
- Arik -den- ili (1307-1296 BC)
- Adad - nirari I. (1295-1264 BC)
- Shalmaneser I (1263-1234 BC)
- Tukulti - Ninurta I (1233-1197 BC)
Kings of Babylon
- Nazi Maruttaš (1307-1282 BC)
- Kadašman - Turgu (1281-1264 BC)
- Kadašman - Enlil II (1263-1254 BC)
- Kudur - Enlil I (1254-1245 BC)
- Šagarakti - šuriaš (1245-1232 BC)
- Kaštiliaš IV (1232-1225 BC)
- Tukulti - Ninurta I (1225-1224 BC)
- Enlil -nadin- šumi (1224-1223 BC)
- Kadašman - Harbe II (1223-1222 BC)
- Adad - šuma - iddina (1222-1216 BC)
- Adad - šuma - usur (1216-1186 BC)
Kings of China
Kings of Elam
- Napiriša - untaš (1276-1266 BC)
- Hallutuš - Inšušinak (1205-1185 BC)
Kings of the Hittite Empire
- Mursili II (1318-1290 BC)
- Muwattalli II (1290-1272 BC)
- Mursili III. (1272-1266 BC)
- Hattusili III. (1266-1236 BC)
- Tudhalija IV (1236-1215 BC)
- Kurunta ( 1220 BC. / After civil war may briefly king)
- Arnuwanda III. (1215-1214 BC)
- Suppiuliuma II ( 1214-1190/80 BC)
Kings of Ugarit
- Niqmepa VI. (1313-1265 BC)
- Ammistamru III. (1265-1240 BC)
- Ibiranu VI. (1240-1225 BC)
- Niqmaddu III. (1225-1215 BC)
- ' Ammu - rapi III. ( 1215-1194/88 BC)
Other
- Moses ( biblical )
Inventions and Discoveries
- Starting at 1250 BC, the Egyptians understood it to produce quartz sand and plant ash glass blocks.