2-Arachidonoylglycerol

Yellow liquid

Liquid

  • Soluble in ethanol and DMSO
  • Soluble in acetonitrile

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

2- arachidonylglycerol (2- AG), is an endocannabinoid that activates the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. It is the ester of arachidonic acid and glycerol. In rats, it was in the brain, liver, demonstrated lung, spleen and kidney.

Effect

It activates the two known cannabinoid receptors. When given intravenously mice, they develop the same symptoms as after administration of THC (decreased sensation of pain, immobility, decreased spontaneous activity, lowered rectal temperature ). It stimulates bone growth by indirect inhibition of the adrenergic system. and activation of CB2 receptors through activation of CB1 receptors is neuroprotective in animal models after brain injury.

Pharmacology

Unlike anandamide is a full cannabinoid receptor agonist, therefore, it is assumed that 2-AG is the endogenous ligand of these receptors. It is by the enzyme Monoglycerolipase ( MGL ) is cleaved to arachidonic acid and glycerol. In addition, 2-AG acts as a positive allosteric modulator of GABAA receptors.

History

The group of Raphael Mechoulam at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel published in 1995 the discovery of a substance which was isolated from the dogs intestines and binds to cannabinoid receptors. He proved to be identical with synthetic 2-AG.

Structure

Despite the chemical differences, it takes a very similar spatial conformation as tetrahydrocannabinol.

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