3rd century

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The 3rd century began on January 1, 201 and ended on 31 December 300 It is the era of late antiquity.

Era / period

  • Starting from Alexandria experienced Greek philosophy and mathematics a renaissance ( Neoplatonism ).
  • The pyramids of the Maya in Central America conduct an era of monumental buildings.
  • The Roman Empire ruled in the years 235-285 of the so-called " soldier emperors ". These were usually proclaimed as part of usurpations of the legions of the emperor and reigned often only a few months. This phase of Roman history is also referred to as the time of the kingdom crisis of the 3rd century.
  • Christianity asserts itself despite external Widernisse and the inner struggle for its compatibility with the private property.
  • In Persia, the Sassanid Empire is founded.
  • In Japan, the separation of church and state ( secularism ) is carried out.
  • China is divided 220-280: These the Three Kingdoms period is terminated by Emperor Wu of Jin.

Events / developments

  • Since 231 there is a repeat violent fights between the Sassanids and Rome (see Roman- Persian Wars).
  • The territories east of the Rhine, north of Lake Constance and west of the Iller (in the region of Baden-Württemberg in approximately its present-day borders ) fall of the Roman Empire permanently to the Germanic tribes ( Limes case).
  • 262 Goths destroy the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
  • 267 plunder Germanic Heruli Athens.

Personalities

  • Cao Cao ( 155-220 ), pioneer of the Wei dynasty
  • Cyprian, North African church father and bishop of Carthage
  • Plotinus, Greek philosopher from Alexandria; is regarded as the chief representative of Neoplatonism
  • Paul of Samosata, Doctor of the Church from the Near East, Bishop of Antioch and counselor of Queen Zenobia of Palmyra; was excommunicated as heretics of the Christian Church
  • Sima Yi ( 179-251 ), pioneer of the Jin Dynasty
  • Sima Yan ( 236-290 ), unifier of China
  • Aurelian, Roman Emperor 270-275
  • Diophantus of Alexandria, a Greek mathematician
  • Longinus, Greek philosopher and linguist Syrian origin
  • Shapur I, King of Persia ( Sassanid )
  • Zenobia, Empress of Palmyra and the Roman Orient
  • Mani, founder of Persian religion of Manichaeism
  • Pappus, Greek mathematician in Alexandria
  • Greek philosopher Celsus ( Platonist ), oldest known polemic against Christianity "True doctrine."
  • Origen, Christian theologian, was commissioned to write a script against Celsus.
  • Porphyry, philosopher ( Neoplatonist ) from the Near East
  • Probus, Roman Emperor 276-282
  • Diocletian, Roman Emperor 284-305
  • Pamphilus of Caesarea, priest and doctor of the Church from Phoenicia; was tortured, imprisoned and beheaded as a Christian
  • Anthony the Great, Antonius Abbas or Anthony the Hermit, Egyptian monk, ascetic and hermit
  • Arius, a Christian presbyter from Alexandria. According to him the doctrine of Arianism is named
  • Lactantius, a native of the province of Africa priest, orator and doctor of the Church
  • Called Eusebius of Caesarea, Bishop and Doctor of the Church as the father of church history
  • Iamblichus, Greek philosopher from Chalcis (Syria )
  • Bhasa, Indian poet, pioneer of classical Indian drama
  • Donatus, North African religious philosopher and priest
  • Constantine I, also known as Constantine the Great, was Roman Emperor 306-337
  • Fasir, North African preacher and freedom fighter
  • Liu Hui, Chinese mathematician

Inventions and Discoveries

  • 216: Emperor Caracalla completed the ten years earlier construction of the eponymous largest public baths of Rome, the Baths of Caracalla.
  • To 230: Claudius Aelianus describes the hazards arising from the electric ray " numbing effect " ( electricity).
  • To 250: In China, first iron suspension bridges are built.
  • To 260: In Scandinavia are skates with iron runners in use.
  • 284: In Alexandria the Diocletian era is introduced which starts with the throne of the Roman Emperor Diocletian and was later adopted by the Christian Copts.
  • To 290: Pappus of Alexandria developed later known as Guldinsche rules formulas to calculate volume and surface of solids of revolution.
April 2014 List of centuries 1st century BC 6th century 200s (decade) 210s 220s 230s 240s 250s Maya civilization Middle America (region) Barracks emperor Usurper Crisis of the Third Century Germanic peoples Porphyry (philosopher)
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