3rd millennium BC

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In the 3rd millennium BC begins in Central Europe around 2200 BC, the Bronze Age ( 800 BC).

Epochs

  • Central Europe: Final Neolithic with the archaeological cultures of the Corded Ware culture, Beaker culture, culture Schoenfelder
  • 2800-2200 BC: Cycladic culture.
  • End of the Liangzhu Culture in China ( beginning about 3300 BC), it follows the Longshan culture (ca. 3000-2000 BC)
  • Approx. 2070 BC: Beginning of the Xia Dynasty in China ( end about 1600 BC)
  • To 2640-2160 BC: Old Kingdom in Egypt ( 3rd-6th dynasty. ).
  • 2040 BC: Beginning of the Middle Kingdom in Egypt by unification of Mentuhotep I.
  • 2900-2330 BC: Frühsumerische dynasties.
  • To 2400 BC: Awan dynasty of the Kingdom of Elam.
  • 2800-1800 BC: Indus Valley Civilization.

Events

  • Founding of the city of Caral in Peru as the oldest city in the Americas ( 27th century BC)
  • Construction of the 40 m high Silbury Hill in Wiltshire, England, the largest built by people before the industrial age hill in Europe ( 26th century BC)
  • End of Dawenkou culture in Northeast China.
  • Kingdom of Elam in Iran.
  • Dynasty of Lagash in Sumer.
  • Heyday of Ur in Mesopotamia (2474-2398 BC)
  • First Dynasty of Babylon, but only gains 2000 BC more important.
  • 3rd dynasty (c. 2640-2575 BC) and the 4th dynasty (c. 2575-2465 BC) in Egypt, the beginning of the Old Kingdom (. 3rd-6th dynasty ) pyramid time.
  • 2500 BC: First colonization of Greenland.
  • Middle of the millennium colonize, coming from Southern China, Proto - Malays Malay Peninsula and Borneo. Today's descendants include the Dayak and Moken.
  • Founded the city of Mari ( Syria) ( 24th century BC)
  • Dissemination of Kugelamphoren culture and Corded Ware.
  • Indo-Europeans in Greece ( 23 century BC)
  • Middens culture of the Ainu in Japan.
  • Bell Beaker culture in Spain.
  • First voyages of the Egyptians.
  • According to the calculations of the Irish theologian James Ussher, the deluge took place in 2501 BC.

Important people

  • Ur -nina, legendary king of Lagash ( 29th century BC)
  • Gilgamesh was king of Uruk.
  • Meskalamdug was around 2600 BC king of Ur.
  • Urukagina was around 2350 BC, king of Lagash, great reformer, creating the first tablets of the law ( 24th century BC)
  • Lugal - Zagesi, king of Uruk and Umma. Conquered Lagash (2371-2347 BC)
  • Sargon of Akkad, founder of the kingdom of Akkad and Sumer (2371-2316 BC)
  • Ur - Nammu, founder of the 3rd dynasty of Ur ( 2112-2095 BC)
  • Assumed life of the Buddha Dipamkara.
  • Gudea of Lagash, the most important ruler of the dynasty of Lagash in Sumer 2.
  • Pharaoh Djoser, ( step pyramid of Sakkara), First-time configuration of the king Grabs as pyramid construction manager by Imhotep.
  • Pharaoh Cheops.
  • Pharaoh Chephren.
  • Pharaoh Menkaure.
  • Pharaoh Mentuhotep II (2061-2010 BC, dating uncertain, he may have ruled already in the 2nd millennium ), founder of the Middle Kingdom, New Pharaoh seat at Thebes with the main temple at Karnak.

Inventions and Discoveries

  • Metrological tables and calculation tables in Mesopotamia.
  • Domestication of the horse.
  • Construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza ( 26th century BC)
  • Construction of the monumental Sphinx by Pharaoh Chephren.
  • First ziggurats in Sumer.
  • In China, developed around 2800 BC, the Dawenkou - culture characters on ceramics.
  • The place irrigation cultivation of rice, coming from China, Southeast Asia dissemination.
  • Emergence of the Gilgamesh and Etana myth.
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