7-Aminoactinomycin D

7-AAD

Fixed

1 mg / ml in chloroform

Risk

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

7- aminoactinomycin is an entity belonging to class of peptides organic compound. It is usually abbreviated as 7-AAD.

Construction

Like all actinomycins has it as a doubly Actinoyl chromophore methylated 2- amino-phenoxazin- 3-one system, which is linked via amide bonds with two Pentapeptidlacton rings. The basic structure of Chromopeptids 7-AAD, actinomycin D is, the 7-position of the additional functional group of the 7-AAD, an amino group, is missing.

Properties

7- aminoactinomycin is an orange - red solid in pure form. It is soluble in N, N -dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform. 7-AAD in principle has the same characteristics as the parent compound, actinomycin D, but it is not contrary to that used as a cytostatic agent. It utilizes the ability of the 7-AAD for DNA intercalation, by using it as a cell dye. This intercalated 7-AAD specifically between cytosine and guanine and changes its fluorescence properties. A special feature of 7- AAD is that, as with propidium iodide, only the DNA is colored by non- viablen cells, since it can only penetrate cells without an intact cell membrane. This is referred to as 7-AAD therefore Avital dye.

This property is used in an apoptosis assay, in which examining the apoptosis ( programmed cell death ) of cells. Apoptosis is a loss of the asymmetric structure of the membrane. Wherein the living cells on the inner side ( the cytoplasmic side ) of the membrane localized phosphatidylserine (PS) shall then grown on in the side of the diaphragm outwardly. In an assay for the determination of apoptosis stage Doppler staining the cells with a phosphatidylserine -specific dye, the protein annexin V and 7-AAD is performed. Intact cells react negatively to both dyes, frühapoptotische cells respond positively to the PS staining, but negative on the 7- AAD, spätapoptotische (dead) cells respond positively to both dyes. Also completely necrotic cells respond positively to the staining with 7-AAD and annexin V.

The investigations carried out even in a fluorescence microscope or flow cytometry. In both methods, fluorescence by a laser (typically 488 nm) is excited. The emission maximum is at 647 nm

Others

According to the nomenclature recommendations of the IUPAC means the connection 2,7-Diamino-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-N,N'-bis(7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-3,10-dipropan-2-yl-8-oxa-1,4,11,14- tetrazabicyclo [ 14.3.0 ] nonadec -6 -yl)- phenoxazines -1 ,9 - dicarboxamide