A. David Buckingham

Amyand David Buckingham, known as David Buckingham, ( born January 28, 1930 in Pymble, Sydney ) is an Australian chemist who dealt with physical chemistry.

Life

Buckingham went in Hornsby, New South Wales to school and studied from 1948 at the University of Sydney with a Bachelor 's degree with honors in 1951 and her Master's degree in Physical Chemistry at Raymond Le Fèvre ( 1905-1986 ) in 1953. He sat in the same year his studies at Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge continued (as Shell Scholar ), where he received his doctorate in 1956 at John Anthony Pople. 1955 to 1957 he was at Oxford (as 1851 Exhibition Scholar) at the Laboratory of Physical Chemistry. There he became a tutor at Christ Church College, and was from 1958 University Lecturer at the Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry. In 1965 he became Professor of Theoretical Chemistry at the University of Bristol in 1969 and professor of chemistry at Cambridge ( and Fellow of Pembroke College). 1985-1988 he stood before the Steering Committee of the Faculty of Physics and Chemistry.

At the University of Cambridge, he distinguished himself as a cricket player and was later treasurer of the Cambridge University Cricket Club.

Work

Buckingham worked both theoretically and experimentally.

At first, he dealt with the dielectric properties of liquids, such as dipole moments of molecules dissolved in liquids, and gases. He developed the theory of the interaction of molecules in fluids and gases to external electrical and magnetic fields. In 1959, he developed a direct method of measurement of the quadrupole moments of molecules, he experimentally demonstrated in 1963 at the carbon dioxide molecule. In 1960, he developed a theory of the effect of the solvent on NMR spectra and vibrational spectra of molecules. When considering the impact of molecule alignment in an external electric field on the NMR spectra, he developed a method 1962 of determining the spin-spin coupling constant. In nonlinear optics, he said 1956, the change in the refractive index of liquids and gases by high-intensity light (later realized in the laser ) operating systems. In 1968, he identified the precise values ​​of the first hyperpolarizability ( a property of non-linear optics ) using the Kerr effect. In 1971 he founded with Laurence Barron, the research field of optical activity in Raman scattering ( Raman Optical Activity, ROA), where differences in the scattering left and right polarized light is studied in chiral molecules.

One of his main areas of research were the forces between molecules. In the 1980s, he showed the importance of long-range forces for the determination of structure and properties of small molecule clusters, with applications in particular biological macromolecules. In 1990, he told the linear effect of an electric field on the reflection of light at interfaces advance. In 1995 he proved that the sum of the rotational strengths of all vibrational transitions disappears from the ground state of a chiral molecule.

Memberships, awards, editorship

In 2001 he received the Charles Hard Townes Award. In 1985, he received a Sc.D. in Cambridge. He also holds honorary doctorates from the Universities of Nancy I and Sydney. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society (1975 ), foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences (1992 ), the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1992 ), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( 1996). In 1985 he became a member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry ( Faraday Division, which he was president from 1987 to 1989 ) and he was more than once in their advice. In 1960 he received the Edward Harrison Memorial Prize and the 1970 Corday - Morgan Medal. In 1995 he received the Harrie Massey Medal of the Australian Institute of Physics ( IOP). In 2006 he received the first Ahmed Zewail Award. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the Institute of Physics, member of the American Chemical Society and a Fellow of the Optical Society of America and the Royal Australian Chemical Institute ( RACI ). 1986/87 he was president of the Cambridge Philosophical Society.

1963 to 1966 he was associate editor of the Journal of Chemical Physics, and since 1965, he was the editorial board of Molecular Physics, 1978 Editor of Chemical Physics Letters from 1981 to 1989 and co-editor of International Reviews in Physical Chemistry.

Buckingham is a Commander of the British Empire ( CBE).

Writings

  • The Laws of Thermodynamics and Applications, Pergamon Press, 1964 ( Spanish translation 1966)
  • Organic Liquids: Structure, Dynamics and Chemical Properties, Wiley, 1978
  • As editor of The Principles of Molecular Recognition, Blackie Academic & Professional, Glasgow 1993
  • Electric moments of molecules in H. Eyring, W. Jost, D. Henderson (Editor) Physical Chemistry - to advanced treatise, Academic Press 1970
  • With B. Utting Intermolecular forces, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem, 21, 1970, 287-316
  • Basic theory of intermolecular forces - application to small molecules in D. Pullman ( Editor) Intermolecular interactions: from Diatomics to Biopolymers, Wiley 1978
  • Inter Atomic and intermolecular forces, in J. Dupuy, AJ Dianoux Microscopic structure and dynamics of liquids, Plenum Press 1978
  • General theory of intermolecular forces in J.-L. Rivail modeling of molecular structure and properties in Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Elsevier, 1990, pp. 17-26
  • Basic theory of intermolecular forces in JJ Teixeira - Dias Molecular Liquids: New Perspectives in Physics and Chemistry, Kluwer 1992
20888
de