A1 (Croatia)
Template: Infobox trunk road / Maintenance / HR-A
County:
- In construction
- In planning
The Autocesta A1 ( for Croatian A1 motorway ), also Dalmatian Autocesta or simply called Dalmatina, is the longest and most important motorway in Croatia, connecting the capital Zagreb to Karlovac, Gospic and the port cities of Zadar, Sibenik, Split and Ploce Since 2013 also. The ongoing construction to Dubrovnik is in the planning.
The highway is part of the European Routes 65 and 71
Of the 569.3 km long route is currently the approximately 480.7 km long section between Zagreb and Metkovic in operation. The section of Ravča to Vrgorac was opened on 30 June 2011. Another 10.7 km long section of Vrgorac to Ploce and the further section between Ploce and Metkovic were opened on 20 December 2013.
In May 2009, the construction of the section Doli -Dubrovnik began only formally just before local elections and was aborted.
Am currently operating section Zagreb and Vrgorac were a total of 351 road structures, including bridges, tunnels, overpasses, underpasses, etc., built, representing around 20 % of the length of this motorway section.
The toll is levied at toll plazas in Zagreb and Dubrovnik and at the respective junctions. The average price per kilometer is about 0.47 Croatian Kunas. The motorway section from Zagreb to triangle Bosiljevo 2 is from the motorway operator Autocesta Rijeka -Zagreb dd ( ARZ) manages the rest autoceste of the operating company Hrvatske doo.
Position in the motorway network
History
Since the independence of Croatia Autoput Bratstvo i jedinstvo no longer applies ( the A3 today ) as the most important highway in Croatia.
The construction of this highway is with the Croatian Spring in conjunction. The piece from Zagreb to Karlovac was completed in 1972, but the construction in the following years was not continued.
After the independence of Croatia Karlovac - Rijeka first the connection was started with the construction. The bridge destroyed during the war Maslenica was built relatively quickly as new input for the highway. It was followed by the construction of a tunnel at Sveti Rok.
State Legal peculiarities
As one of the few countries in the world, the Croatian territory is split in two on the mainland by the Bosnia and Herzegovina belonging Neum corridor. For this reason, travelers must currently pass through on the way to Dubrovnik a few kilometers south of Ploce Bosnian - Herzegovinian territory. It found there instead of border and customs controls, but these were handled relatively lax. Since the accession of Croatia to the European Union on 1 July 2013, this limit is but an EU external border and has to be strictly controlled and monitored. Intra- Croatian travel and transport traffic is so burdened with some restrictions and delays. A possible accession to the Schengen agreement would further exacerbate this situation.
To bypass the Neum corridor was started on 24 October 2007 with the construction of the Peljesac Bridge, which would have allowed a connection to the peninsula of Peljesac, bypassing the BiH territory. For financial reasons, the construction was stopped in 2010 and on 17 May 2012, the contracts were terminated for the construction of the bridge by the Croatian government, the project has therefore been put on hold.
Instead of a bridge transit highway without border controls and no opportunity to enter Bosnia and Herzegovina is now sought by the Neum corridor. But no concrete plans do not yet exist.
Further expansion
Current plans estimate the A1 motorway will lead from Ploce to Osojnik on the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The other route of the Adriatic- Ionian motorway ( kroat. Jadransko - jonska Autocesta ) to Montenegro is not yet known. A plan provides that the highway is through Bosnia ( Trebinje ) run 30 km and then reach Montenegro. According to another version, the motorway will extend to the Debeli Brijeg on the border with Montenegro, Croatia.
Traffic Shares
1 - Sveti Rok tunnel and bridge Maslenica from 1993
The track tunnel Mala Kapela - Gornja Ploča is 101 km, the longest section that has ever been released in a day for traffic in Croatia.
Toll system
The Croatian motorway network is seen toll technically, a star-shaped - closed system with the center of Zagreb. Most motorway connections end at the capital Zagreb, which is why toll barriers have to be crossed before reaching each of this center. From Zagreb can be reached without further stops the respective target exit. Direction changes within the Croatian motorway network, such as rest stops are not possible, and were structurally prevented. Toll settlements are made in each case always in Zagreb or the respective Ascension or departure tollbooth. The largest toll clearinghouse of Croatia is the tollbooth Lučko on the A1 in front of Zagreb.
In June 2009, an additional tollbooth to tollbooth Lučko was completed, which is located about two kilometers before this. At the tollbooth Demerje only cashless means of payment are accepted. In addition to paying by credit card, there is also the possibility of acquiring a rechargeable smart card that pays for frequent highway trips. Addition, there is at all Croatian toll booths so-called ENC- crossings, which are intended for vehicles with built-in electronic toll collection system (automatic radio system ) ( ENC, Croat. Elektronická naplata cestarine, German electronic toll collection ).
Problems in highway construction
Engineering structures
Striking are the many civil engineering structures, which are due to the difficult topography. They make up about 10.8 % of the route. On the 460 km long road from Zagreb to Ploce you go through a total of 23.9 km tunnels and crosses to 25.6 km of bridges. Special buildings are (tunnels only be specified with more than 1,000 m in length )
- Drežnik Viaduct over the Kupa ( with 2,485 m, the longest bridge in Croatia)
- Mala Kapela tunnel - m/5.761 5,801 m ( the longest tunnel in Croatia )
- Tunnel Brinje m/1.540 1,561 m
- Tunnel Plasina m/2.300 2,300 m
- GRIC tunnel 1,244 m m/1.244
- Sveti Rok tunnel m/5.679 5,727 m ( second longest tunnel in Croatia )
- Tunnel Konjsko m/1.198 1,198 m
All except the two tunnel longest both tubes have been completed and released at the same time. On 30 May 2009, the second tubes of the tunnel Mala Kapela and Sveti Rok were opened to traffic.
Other construction problems
The limestone soil ( Karst ) makes the construction of some problems.
The Croatian daily Slobodna Dalmacija wrote in a report of 24 September 2006 on the progressive highway construction: The most difficult section of the A1 relates to the construction of Sestanovac to Vrgorac. The construction workers must prevail in this area against very stony area. Common problems also prepares the large presence of European viper, which is one of the most poisonous snakes on the European continent.
Pictures
The Krka Bridge
Construction on the bridge Kokorići (2010)
Construction work at Vrgorac