Abai Qunanbaiuli

Abai ( Ibrahim ) Qunanbajuly ( Kazakh Абай ( Ибраһим ) Құнанбайұлы; * 29 Julijul / August 10 1845greg at Semipalatinsk, then Semipalatinsk, .. .. † 23 Junijul / July 6 1904greg at Semipalatinsk) was a Kazakh poet, writer and thinkers.

Life

Abai was born in 1845 when Ibrahim Qunanbajuly in the family of a Kazakh Gender chief ( Bij ) in the present territory of East Kazakhstan in the Chingiz Mountains. Because of his intellectual faculties, he got the nickname Abai - " the Wise, the Insightful " by which he became known.

During childhood Abai learns in the madrasah of Ahmed Riza and at the same time in a Russian field school. At 13 he began to write poems. He reads and learns the passionate works of the great poets and writers of Europe know. Particularly strong influence practice Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Lord Byron on the young poet. The impact was so strong that he has translated the first few works of poets above into Kazakh.

His youth had to devote to his tribe, but he detested Abai administrative operations. Beginning of the eighties of the 19th century, he comes into contact with some major Russian intellectuals who have been banned because of their liberal views to Kazakhstan. In discussions with them and the continuous self-study, the views of Abai form permanently.

When he is 40 he begins seriously to writing. His poems, aphorisms, and philosophical writings can also be found among Russians attention. Even during his lifetime, he was highly revered among Kazakhs and the neighboring peoples. From all parts of the great steppe attracted people to him to ask for advice or to discuss.

However, his frequent attacks on the patriarchal, conservative, semi - feudal social structures of the Kazakhs created him many enemies among the upper classes. The poet was the victim of denunciations, libels, and even attacks. Abai died where he was born - in the Chingiz Mountains of the province of Semipalatinsk on 23 June 1904.

Intellectual heritage and meaning

The importance of Abai for the Kazakh literature, culture, and even the cultural development of the people is generally considered to be very high. In his poems, stories and songs he used many genres and forms that were previously unknown in the Kazakh literature and music. As a highly educated man who spoke many languages ​​, he translated numerous classics of world literature into Kazakh and provided for the opening of new schools in order to make it accessible to the World Heritage Cultural broad strata of the population.

Abai was a progressive intellectual who was his company far ahead. He made the coupling of the Kazakhs to European culture, knowledge of the Western values ​​of liberty, equality and fraternity for his life's work. As a leitmotif of this idea through all his works, where the Abai stubbornness and conservatism of the old society sharply criticized. He always pointed to the need for cultural connection to Russia, as the only chance for the development of his country. This port should catalyze its belief that the revival of the Kazakh own cultural tradition to the solid foundations of the once highly developed empires around the Silk Road in South Kazakhstan.

Furthermore Abai made ​​in his works the rejection of violence ( " Iskander " ) on the subject and criticized in concealed form autocracy. He was much occupied with the Islamic philosophy of the Middle Ages.

In modern Kazakhstan, Abai has become a national icon figure. His writings have been translated into more than 60 languages ​​. Bears his name, the National University in Almaty and Karaganda city Abai in the area. The two -volume biography of the poet - "The Path of Abai " ( " Abai Shol " ) of Mukhtar Auesow applies again as one of the best books of modern Kazakh literature.

In his home town of Semipalatinsk there in honor of the poet Abai Qunanbajuly the Literary Museum.

Works

• Kara soz collection of philosophical writings ( German: Black words)

• Masgud
• Iskander
• Legend of ASIME

• The Kulenbai
• From the time falls a moment
• Summer
• If the shadow is long
• Winter
• Autumn
• Karangy tynde tau kalgyp ( translation Wanderers night song from Goethe )
• Greetings to beautiful Kalamkas