ABCD² score

The ABCD2 score (also ABCD ² score) is a medical scoring system for risk assessment of stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA ) may be used. In the score five independent risk factors used - age, blood pressure, clinical features (symptoms ), duration of symptoms and diabetes mellitus - one for each assigned points according to specific criteria (see table). The points awarded are added, so that a score between 0 and 7 points results. The ABCD2 score has emerged from two older scoring systems, the ABCD score and the California score, and includes criteria of both scores.

Score

Risk assessment

The ABCD2 score was developed based on four cohorts in California and Oxford with a total of 4908 TIA patients. It has been the risk of developing recurrent stroke, within two days of TIA determined as follows:

  • 6-7 points: High Two-day risk (8%)
  • 4-5 points: Moderate two-day risk (4%)
  • 0-3 points: Light two-day risk (1%)

According to the guidelines of the American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association, it is useful to be hospitalized patients with TIA for further diagnosis and therapy who present within 72 hours after symptom onset and for which an ABCD2 score is determined by ≥ 3. The hospitalization is also useful for a ABCD2 score of 0-2 and of doubtful whether the stroke diagnosis can be completed within two days, or other evidence of focal circulatory disorder.

The predictive value of the ABCD2 score was investigated in numerous studies. The study results were inconsistent and ranged from high to very low predictive values.

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