Abdullah bin Saud

Abdallah ibn Saud I. (Arabic: عبد الله بن سعود, ʿ Abd Allāh ibn Sa DMG ʿ ūd ) ( † December 17, 1818 in Istanbul), of the dynasty of Saud, was Imam of Wahabis 1814-1818.

Abdallah came in 1814 succeeded his father Saud ibn Abd al- Aziz I. ( 1803-1814 ). After leading the struggles of the Wahhabis against the Egyptians already in the reign of his father, he took over the rule in a difficult situation for the dynasty of Saud. The Egyptians had already occupied in 1812 and 1813 Medina or Mecca and preparing for an expedition into the Najd before.

However, had the Egyptian troops ( 20,000 men ) large supply problems that could be solved only after Muhammad Ali Pasha took command in Arabia. In January 1815, succeeded Muhammad Ali the Wahhabis under Faisal between Turaba and Kulakh teach a heavy defeat. However, the conquest of ad -Dir ʿ iya was initially prevented since Muhammad Ali was distracted by riots of the Mamluks in Egypt and with Abdallah I. completed a peace treaty.

1817 was Muhammad Ali but to continue the war by his step-son Ibrahim Pasha, the in May scored a victory over Abdallah I.. This failure Abdallah led to waste several Bedouin tribes who now allied themselves with the Egyptians. In March 1818, the Egyptian troops reached under Ibrahim ad -Dir ʿ iya and forced after very heavy fighting on 10 September 1818, the surrender of the city. Abdallah ibn Saud I. fell into Egyptian captivity and was delivered to the Ottomans. Carried out his execution in Istanbul on December 17, 1818. A large part of the clan of Saud was deported from Ibrahim to Cairo.

Although the kingdom of Saud had been smashed in Central Arabia with the conquest of ad -Dir ʿ iya by the Egyptians, but the teaching of Muhammad ibn Abd al - Wahhab had established among the Bedouin so that they survived the defeat of Saud against the Egyptians. And so should already Turki al- Saud (1820-1834) re-establish the kingdom of Saud in Najd.