Ableism

Ableism and Disablism are from English -derived terms ( engl. able = able to make disable = unable disabled = disabled, suffix - ism = - ism) from the area of the disability movement and the Disability Studies.

They are used to designate a form of ableism: the judgment of people based on their abilities - the abilities of people with disabilities are in contrast to those of non- disabled people rated Poor. These may give rise to disability discrimination or social prejudice against people.

Ableism and Disablism are associated with the title Handicapism, the term physicalism is used synonymously.

Discrimination against people who have a mental disorder or at risk of such a will, sometimes called mentalism.

Similar to the medical model of disability to go serve on the assumption that non- disability is a social norm and that people with disabilities should either strive to meet yet the norm, or keep their distance to non-disabled people should. From ableistischer worldview disability is a mistake, a mistake or a lack, rather than a simple consequence of human diversity.

Definitions

Relying on previous work confirms Fiona A. Kumari Campbell, Senior Lecturer in Disability Studies possess at Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia, that the concept of ableism is not clearly defined in the literature and " limited definitional or conceptual specificity ". It defines ableism as:

A network of beliefs, processes and practices that produces a special kind of self and body (physical standard), and projected as perfect, Type specific and therefore essential and fully human. Disability is then an inferior state of being human.

Other definitions of ableism as that of Vera Chouinard ( Professor of Geography at McMaster University in Hamilton (Ontario ), Canada ) define it as " ideas, practices, institutions and social relations, which, starting from non-disabled people, people with disabilities as marginalized and largely invisible Other constructed. for Ron Amundson (Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hawaii at Hilo ) and Gayle Taira define ableism as " a doctrine that incorrectly treated impairments as inherently and naturally awful and the limitations even for the problems encountered with the people that they have, makes responsible. "

Harpur (Research Assistant at Griffith University ) argues that the term ableism is a powerful label, in a position to bring about a change of meaning in the use of negative stereotypes and by joining attention to the discriminator ( rather than on the victim or impairment ) to facilitate cultural change.

Ableism and Disablism

Discrimination against people with disabilities is also called Disablism. Gregor Wolbring, assistant professor in the department of " community health service " of the " University of Calgary " (Canada) explains Disablism the " companion " of ableism:

In its general form, ableism is a bundle of beliefs, processes and practices, which generated based on the ever own abilities a particular way of understanding the self, the body and the relationships with conspecifics, other species and their own environment and includes the perception by Other a. Ableism is based on a preference for certain skills that are projected to be essential, while the real or perceived deviation or lack of these essential skills is labeled as reduced state of existence, often resulting in the accompanying " Disableism " the discriminatory, oppressive or abusive behavior that arises from the belief that people without this "essential" skills are inferior to others.

Fiona Campbell also differs Disablism and ableism. Disablism is according to her traditional focus of research in the field of Disability Studies. Disablism promotes the unequal treatment of the ( physically ) disabled over non-disabled. It marks the disabled ( distances ) than the others and works from the perspective of people without disabilities.