Abu Bakr ibn Umar
Abu Bakr ibn Umar (Arabic أبو بكر بن عمر, ʿ Umar b Abu Bakr DMG, . † 1087) was from 1056 to 1087 leader of the Almoravids.
Abu Bakr ibn Umar was the brother of Yahya ibn Umar, the leader of the Lamtuna, a Sanhaja strain in the Western Sahara. As religion scholar Ibn Yasin started at 1046 with the promulgation of his doctrine among the Sanhaja Berbers, the two brothers joined him.
During the uprising of Dschudala, which led to the temporary expulsion of Ibn Yasin and his followers, Yahya ibn Umar appointed this to the secular leaders of the newly formed League of Struggle of the Almoravids. Yahya fell in 1056 fighting the Dschudala. It was then appointed as the new leader of the Almoravids Abu Bakr Ibn Yasin. As such, he struck down an uprising of Magrawa in Sijilmasa and settled in Aghmat. Abu Bakr married Zaynab an- Nafzawiyya, the widow of the Prince of Masmuda - Aghmat, which allowed it to expand its influence among the tribes of the Atlas on. After the death of Ibn Yasin ( 1059 ) united Abu Bakr the secular and spiritual leadership in the Almoravids in his person.
In order to give the movement a new center was established on May 7, 1070 Marrakech. ( The founding by Yusuf ibn Tashfin 1062 is now attributed to a legend. ) As a new rebellion broke out in the Sahara, Abu Bakr appointed his cousin Yusuf ibn Tashfin his deputy. This took Yusuf but to expand its own rule. When Abu Bakr returned to Morocco in 1072, he found himself ousted in fact. He gave up a power struggle with Yusuf ibn Tashfin (1072-1106) and retired to the Sahara. From Yusuf ibn Tashfin he was formally continue to be recognized as a leader of the Almoravids.
With the separation of the Sanhadschastämme lost their meaning for the movement of the Almoravids in the Sahara. Abu Bakr led until his death in 1087 continued the struggle against pagan tribes in the Sahara and the Sudan. His biggest success were the interventions in the kingdom of Ghana, where Muslim rulers were enforced. In order for the Islamization of the African tribes of the Niger area was initiated.