Abu Dhabi (emirate)

23.523753.876953Koordinaten: 23 ° 31 'N, 53 ° 53 ' E

The Emirate of Abu Dhabi (Arabic إمارة أبو ظبي, DMG Imārāt Abū Zaby ) is the largest of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates and has approximately 2.33 million inhabitants ( with a foreign population of around 80 %) to 67,340 square kilometers. By far the largest city is Abu Dhabi, which is the capital of the United Arab Emirates at the same time.

  • 5.1 traffic
  • 5.2 Supply

History of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi

The emirate was as a settlement near a source of fresh water from the Bedouin tribe of Bani Yas under Schachbut 'm Dhiyab founded in 1791, after she had of his father Isa bin Dhiyab been discovered. They moved their headquarters to Abu Dhabi. Reason was the increasing expansion of the Wahhabis from the Najd, which was also directed against the Bedouins on the Gulf Coast. 1833 Dubai broke under the clan of the Al Maktoum from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

Under Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa (1855-1908) began the ascent of the emirate. He succeeded in preserving the sovereignty over the British claim to power. Abu Dhabi has developed into an important center of the pearl trade. The erupting after his death power struggles were only completed under Sheikh Schachbut ( 1928-1966 ). However collapsed in 1930 with the introduction of the Japanese cultured pearls, the pearl fishery as an important economic mainstay for the country together. Only at the beginning of oil production and the replacement Schachbuts by his brother Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1966-2004) the economy of the emirate could develop again.

On December 2, 1971 Great Britain dismissed the former Trucial States, which include Abu Dhabi belongs to independence. Under the leadership of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates were formed out of the former Trucial States, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al - Qaiwain and Fujairah. On February 10, 1972 Ras al -Khaimah joined as the seventh and last former Trucial at State of the Federation.

On 1 January 1974 Abu Dhabi conducted a partial nationalization of the oil industry. The state of Abu Dhabi has maintained the manufacturing companies 40 percent. On 2 December 1976, Sheikh Zayed, who was president of the UAE since 1971, was elected for another five years and then confirmed every five years until his death on 2 November 2004 at the office. The Gulf Cooperation Council ( GCC) was founded on 25 May 1981 in Abu Dhabi.

Ruler

  • Dhiyab I. 1761-1793
  • Schachbut I. 1793-1816
  • Muhammad 1816-1818
  • Schachbut II 1818-1833
  • Tahnun I. 1818-1833
  • Khalifa I. 1833-1845
  • Sultan I. 1833-1845
  • Isa July-September 1845
  • Dhiyab II from September to December 1845
  • Sa'id 1845-1855
  • Zayed bin Khalifa 1855-1909
  • Tahnun II 1909-1912
  • Hamdan 1912-1922
  • Sultan II 1922-1926
  • Saqr 1926-1928
  • Schachbut III. 1928-1966, † 1989
  • Zayed II 1966-2004
  • Khalifa II since 2004

Geography

The emirate is with the exception of the cities, the mangrove vegetation on the coastal strip and a small rocky area in al - Ain almost entirely of sand desert.

The main cities and towns in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, (Population census 2005):

  • Abu Dhabi ( 562 425 )
  • Al Ain ( 397 267 )
  • Madinat Zayed ( 29,095 )
  • Liwa Oasis ( 20,192 )
  • Ruwais ( 15 511 )
  • Mirfa ( 14,503 )
  • Ghayathi ( 14,022 )
  • Sila ( 7900 )
  • Delma ( 4,811 )

Economy

Abu Dhabi is the wealthiest emirate of the UAE, both in terms of gross national income and per capita income. The emirate has 10 % of global oil reserves and maintains global investment of more than 1 trillion dollars. The per capita income is 63,000 U.S. dollars, making it the third highest in the world after Luxembourg and Norway. Abu Dhabi plans to 29% of all future projects in the region of the Gulf Cooperation Council and plays an increasingly important role in the world economy. The sovereign wealth fund of the emirate, the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority ( ADIA ) is measured with a total value of 875 billion U.S. dollars of the world's largest independent fund of the total investment volume. Here almost all revenues from the state oil deposits in a kind of mega - investment funds are pooled and invested at home and abroad. The now accumulated values ​​are so large that the Emirate of Abu Dhabi ( sometimes in cooperation with the smaller UAE partners ) can hook easily into the international financial flows. The influential ADIA Council is headed by Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the ruler of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and at the same time Head of State of the United Arab Emirates. In addition, there are the more themed sovereign wealth fund Mubadala Development Company (MDC ) and International Petroleum Investment Company ( IPIC) and Aabar Investments.

In recent years, the emirate focuses on an economic diversification program to reduce dependence on oil and natural gas. The diversification program focuses on industry, real estate and retail, but mainly on tourism. The tourism authorities of Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority ( ADTA ) and Tourism and Development Investment Company ( TDIC ) have huge investments are made, including the multiply shifted projects Louvre Abu Dhabi and Guggenheim Abu Dhabi.

Due to the immense cash reserves and diversified global investments of the emirate, analysts believe that Abu Dhabi would prevent a debt crisis in the case of the neighboring emirate of Dubai through its state-controlled investment fund economic collapse of Dubai.

Project sustainability

In response to the dwindling oil and gas reserves, the emirate is looking ahead to the time after that. As of 2008, the international airport, the eco-city of Masdar is built to the west. The internationally planned self-sufficient as possible large settlement and planned city for approximately 50,000 residents will be fully set to renewable energy and reopened as a core, a new university, which will be dedicated as the first university in the world entirely to the topic of sustainability.

Infrastructure

Traffic

The Emirate of Abu Dhabi is connected by an extensive highway and road network of major cities in the region as well as the Liwa. In addition, the west leads a highway bordered by Saudi Arabia to Doha, capital of Qatar. The highways are well developed, almost fully illuminated at night and planted by date palms and shrubs. For planting large quantities of drinking water from sea water ( Desalinationsprozess ) are obtained.

Power supply

There is no grid power plants with the other emirates ( off-grid ), but the security of electricity supply in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi is very high. Currently a power grid of the countries in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the UAE is under construction or in planning. The routing is done along the Gulf Coast.

Most power plants are combined gas-steam power plants with decoupling of the process steam at a desalination plant for drinking water. However, it makes itself lately concerned that due to the high number of desalination, the salt concentration of the Persian Gulf could rise to about 10 years to the extent that no more drinking water will be possible. For this case could be used on the waters of the Arabian Sea with a pipeline leading to the Emirate of Fujairah.

To the west of the Emirate, near the border with Saudi Arabia, created since July 2012 by the seashore with the nuclear power plant Barakah the first nuclear power plant in the country. Be set up in four imported from South Korea nuclear reactors of type APR to 1400.

Sports

Since the 2009 season, a Formula 1 race is held every year as a Grand Prix of Abu Dhabi at the Yas Marina Circuit.

The most successful football clubs from Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, Al- Wahda, Al Dhafra and Al Jazeera, who play in the Premier Division.

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