Abu Talib ibn Abdul-Muttalib

Abu Taalib ibn ʿ Abd al - Muttalib (Arabic أبو طالب بن عبد المطلب, DMG Abu Talib b ʿ Abd al - Muttalib, . * 550, † 619) was an uncle of the Prophet Muhammad and played an important role as in his last years whose patron in Mecca. His real name was ʿ Abd Manaf, but he was more commonly known by his first-born son Taalib with the Abu Taalib Kunya.

Familial relationships

Abu Taalib son of ʿ Abd al - Muttalib ibn Hashim, who was then the leadership of the quraischitischen clan of Hashim Banū, and Fatima bint ʿ Amr was also from the clan of quraischitischen Machzūm. From Fatima bint Asad and his wife had four sons Abu Taalib: Taalib, ʿ Aqil, Dascha ʿ ʿ Alī and far. As for the age gap between them is narrated that he was ten years, however, this is little credible tradition another tradition against what ʿ Aqil and Dascha ʿ far were only two years apart. Through his brother ʿ Abd, who had died early, was Abu Taalib uncle of the Prophet Mohammed.

As head of the Banū Hashim

As ʿ Abd al - Muttalib died, inherited Abu Taalib from him the leadership of the clan of Hashim Banū. At the same time he took over the care of Mohammed, who had been taken after the death of his parents ʿ Abd al - Muttalib with him. Abu Taalib was caravan dealers and engaged in trade with Syria. When he later became impoverished, he gave his son Dascha ʿ far al - ʿ into his brother Abbās the budget. ʿ Alī came into the household of his nephew Muhammad, through the marriage with Khadija was at that time already fairly wealthy. He became one of the first followers of the Prophet.

After Muhammad had begun to spread his new doctrine in Mecca, Abu Taalib was urged by other members of the clan, to pacify his nephew. But this man held his hand over Mohammed and worked until his own death in 619 as its protector. After Abu Talib's death Abū Lahab became the new head of the clan of the Hashemites, who faced Muhammad hostile. Mohammed was thereby exposed his opponents defenseless and was forced to leave Mecca and move to Medina ( Hijra ).

The descendants of Abu Talib, the so-called Tālibiden (Arabic Ṭālibīyūn ) played during the Umayyad and early Abbasid period an important role as leader of religious and political opposition movements. From their struggles and uprisings is the book Maqātil aṭ - Ṭālibīyīn Abū l - Faraj al -Isfahani.

The discussion about his relationship to Islam

Much has been discussed whether Abu Taalib has itself become a Muslim. The Sunnis have assumed that he clung to the old faith until his death. Here they were based on a well-known tradition that Muhammad had asked for his uncle after his death for forgiveness, the endeavor had been forbidden by God but by revelation of Sura 9:113, "The Prophet and the believers may not for the Beige Sellers ask forgiveness, not even if there are relatives, after it has become clear to them that they will be inmates of Hellfire. "

The teacher believes that Abu Taalib, just as the prophets parents died as a disbeliever, even become an article of faith of a Hanafi confession. The Shiites, however, deem Abu Taalib as a Muslim and point to his personal commitment to Muhammad and his followers. The proof that Abu Taalib is internally converted to Islam, also the 2012 has published over him ʿ Alī monograph by Salih al - Rasan Muḥammadāwī serves.

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