Abutment (dentistry)

Abutment (English buttresses ) is called between a dental implant (which is a tooth root replacement) and the prosthetic restoration ( the visible tooth crowns) a term used in dentistry, the connecting part ( mesostructure ). It forms the sensitive transition through the peri-implant soft tissue, the gingival margin to the oral cavity and the implant superstructure, whereby a Periointegration to be achieved. Usually abutments from titanium, alumina ceramic or zirconia ceramics. They can be designed as a detachable or conditionally or absolutely detachable connection.

Classification

Implant abutments can be classified according to the preparation form. A distinction is made between prefabricated, cast- or überpressbaren and CAD / CAM implant abutments. Prefabricated abutments are available in different sizes, shapes and bends as well as beschleifbare or not beschleifbare variants. One-piece implants have integrated Abutements.

The prepared in the CAD / CAM method abutments can be customized both in the axial inclination and in the form design to the given situations. It is advantageous to design the exit profile and the elimination of excess cement removal difficult for cemented restorations.

Tooth-colored abutments offer in the esthetic zone, the anterior region benefits when it should come to an exposure of the abutment surface.

Other applications

Abutments can be used as a screw for web connections or screw fixed crowns, a spherical head anchor, locators or magnet assemblies for fixing dentures.

Protective cap

Under an abutment is also a protective cap or a healing understood that closes the implant during the healing and ensures a circular adaptation of the gingival margin.

Root cap

Under abutments and copings to be understood, which are anchored to a root canal in the tooth root and serve as support members for dentures.