Academician

As members of the Academy (formerly also academics ) is particularly deserving scientists and artists are called, chosen in an academy of sciences. This is one of the highest honors in the academic field.

An academy itself knows no doctrine. Their work consists in joint meetings of its members who present their research results. These papers will be published periodically in meeting reports or essays.

In the science and art academies of most states can only be a member who is nominated by two other members of this and of the respective " class " (art, reason or science ) is selected. The number of members is usually limited to avoid possible personal influence exercised. In this figure, however, older members of the Academy are no longer counting from 70.

While only more intense in special cases, scientific disputes are common today in the Academy meetings, this feature of the learned society was in previous centuries, the most important - in particular on the most famous, of the Paris Academy. Today, the focus of most academies is in the publication and promotion of scientific work and operate its own research institutes.

Most Academy members are university professors. In exceptional cases, the choice of other, more deserving personalities is possible. A specific example of this was the trained optician Joseph Fraunhofer, which was added in 1823 as a 36 -year-old and without academic training in the Bavarian Academy.

• Member of a scientific academy