Académie des Beaux-Arts
The Académie des Beaux -Arts is a French learned society in Paris ( 6th arrondissement ), which is the Institut de France, subordinate, under whose auspices it was founded in 1803 as an independent academy after it since 1795 the section " Literature and Fine Arts " the institute had national des sciences et des arts belongs.
The Academy left its original venue, the Louvre in 1805, to settle down at the Collège des Quatre Nations on the Quai de Conti, where their headquarters is located today.
For 2013, the photographer Lucien Clergue is president of the Academy.
History
Predecessor organizations
The Académie des Beaux -Arts traces its history back several royal predecessor organizations:
- The Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture ( 1648),
- The Académie royale de musique ( 1669) and
- The Académie royale d'architecture ( 1671).
The Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture ( Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture ) was founded in 1648 on the initiative of the first court painter Charles Le Brun. Two years later, Le Brun, which should be in 1668 Rector of the Academy, with the support of a minister Jean -Baptiste Colbert for establishing a second organization, the Académie de France à Rome.
The Académie royale de musique (Royal Academy of Music ) Colbert founded in 1669 under the name Académie d' Opéra in response to the Académie royale de danse. You forgave the privilege, "musical plays " shall, to Pierre Perrin and Robert Cambert and two other partners who once cheated Perrin. Imprisoned for debt, leaving this in 1672 the privilege of Jean -Baptiste Lully.
The Académie royale d'architecture was - also on the initiative of Colbert - founded in 1671. Its first director was the architect and theorist François Blondel.
On August 8, 1793, the National Convention abolished all academies and learned societies.
The Institut de France
As the successor institution of the royal academies was established on October 25, 1795, the Republican Institute National des sciences et des arts (National Institute of Sciences and Arts), from which today's Institut de France emerged. The third of the three classes of the Institute covered the areas Littérature et Beaux- Arts ( Literature and Fine Arts). Among the eight sections of this class - grammar, ancient languages , poetry, antiques and monuments, painting, sculpture, architecture and music - the fine arts, however, were under-represented.
On January 23, 1803, the Institute opened a fourth, independent of the literature class for Fine Arts - initially with 28 members. 1805, the company moved from the Louvre to the Collège des Quatre Nations (Palais Mazarin ) on the Quai de Conti.
The Académie des Beaux -Arts has since 1803, the Roman Villa Medici, seat of the Académie de France à Rome and since 1916 the Casa de Velázquez in Madrid. The road was opened in 1928 and completely renovated in 1959.
Today, the Académie des Beaux -Arts has 58 chairs ( fauteuils, within the meaning of seats ), of which 49 are occupied. Since 2005 there has also eight sections: painting (10 fauteuils ) sculpture (8) Architecture (9 ), graphics ( 4), music composition (8 ), free members (11) Cinema & Media ( 6) and Photography ( 2). (Updated: February 14, 2011)