Adduct

Adduct is a term used in chemistry and physics for a composite molecule. In the reactions for forming the adduct are no by- products such as water or alcohol. Differences are not limited to:

  • Adduct between the Lewis acid and Lewis base: Covalently bound molecules from an electron donor (such as Et2O ) and an electron acceptor (e.g., BF3 ) BF3 Et2O - BF3 Et2O →
  • Non-covalently bound adducts: e.g. cation or Anionenanlagerungskomplexe in the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. In this case, a cation or anion ( for example, H , Na or arranged HCOO ) ligands (for example solvent molecules, peptides, proteins, other analytes ). The number of ligands depends on the electric charge of the ion size, the ligand potency and the experimental conditions. This adduct - type is also called clusters.
  • DNA adducts: electrophilic molecules with lone pairs of electrons present in DNA bases covalently bind ( Lewis complex) and thus, for example, prevent cell division or induce mutations (eg malondialdehyde, 4 - hydroxynonenal ).
  • Diels -Alder adduct: a Diels - Alder reaction.
  • Michael adduct: the product of the Michael addition.
  • Pi- adduct: the product of a reaction in which a directional interaction between a π orbital, and a π - or σ - orbital leading to a new compound ( for example in the reaction between a platinum atom and ethylene or at an intermediate stage in the electrophilic aromatic substitution ).
  • Sigma adduct (formerly Sigma complex): the product which is produced by addition of an electrophilic or nucleophilic group, or a radical in a ring carbon of an aromatic species with the formation of a new sigma bond. The term is also used for adducts of unsaturated compounds, and conjugated in general.
  • Meisenheimer complex (also Jackson - Meisenheimer adduct): a cyclohexadienyl derivative consisting of a nucleophile and a ( hetero) aromatic component.
29235
de