Adenosine

  • A ( short code )
  • 9- β -D - Ribofuranosyladenin
  • 9 - [( 2R, 3R, 4S, 5R ) -3,4- dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl) oxolane -2-yl ] -6-amino -purine
  • Ado

C01EB10

White and odorless solid

Antiarrhythmic

Fixed

0.31 g · cm -3

234-237 ° C

  • Practically insoluble in ethanol
  • Soluble in hot water

> 20 g · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Adenosine (A, Ado ) is a nucleoside and consists of the nucleobase adenine and β -D-ribose sugar. The analogue with deoxyribose is the deoxyadenosine. It is a component of the energy-rich compounds ATP, ADP, AMP, ribonucleic acid (RNA), various co-factors (e.g., coenzyme A, NADPH, NADH ), and also in a neuromodulator.

Properties

Adenosine is a white and odorless solid, which practically does not dissolve in ethanol, however, is soluble in hot water.

Biological Significance

Adenosine is a component of the ribonucleic acid ( RNA), where it forms with uridine, dihydrouridine pseudouridine or a base pair.

Pharmaceutical importance

Effect

Adenosine blocked the release of all invigorating and activating neurotransmitters such as dopamine, acetylcholine or norepinephrine. This causes dilation ( widening of blood vessels), causing the blood pressure drops. Adenosine also reduces the heart rate and prolonged the conduction time in the AV node. This is achieved by activation of a Gi- modulated potassium channel on A1- adenosine receptors.

Adenosine triggers continue the preoptic nucleus ventrolateralis in the hypothalamus that inhibits wake-up and wax centers of the brain by the neurotransmitter GABA, and thus acts schlafinduzierend. The xanthines caffeine, theobromine and theophylline and the artificial drug Istradefyllin act as antagonists of various adenosine receptors. By partial inhibition of receptors in the preoptic nucleus ventrolateralis their sleep -suppressing effect is co-founded.

Indication

Adenosine is indicated for termination of AV reentrant tachycardia. It blocks the excitation transfer from the court to the ventricles, causing a few seconds continuous cardiac arrest is triggered. The physiological half- life (HL ) of adenosine is in the range of seconds. With theophylline an antidote exists.

Commercial preparations

Adenosine (D), Adrekar (D), Krenosin (CH), generics (D, A)

ViaSpan organ preservation solution (A), Vita- Gerin " Mentally " (A )

Related compounds

30784
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