Adiponitrile

• ADN
• Adipodinitrile
• Adipodinitrile
• Hexandisäuredinitril
• 1,4- dicyanobutane

Liquid

0.96 g · cm -3

2 ° C

295 ° C.

0.3 Pa ( 20 ° C)

Moderately in water (50 g · l-1 at 20 ° C)

1.4380 (20 ° C)

Risk

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Adiponitrile ( ADN adiponitrile, Hexandisäuredinitril ) is one of the aliphatic nitriles and is an intermediate in the preparation of the polyamide.

Production

Adiponitrile is mainly produced by the hydrocyanation of 1,3-butadiene. In this case, hydrocyanic acid is added by means of a nickel catalyst to the double bonds of the butadiene.

Two other methods rely on the dimerization of acrylonitrile.

• The electrochemical reduction via a hydrodimerization directly to adiponitrile. The cell for the electrosynthesis contains dilute sulfuric acid and anodic diaphragm separated cathodically an aqueous solution of acrylonitrile, and salts of 4 -toluenesulfonic acid as a solubilizer for slightly soluble in water of acrylonitrile.

• The catalytic dimerization results in unsaturated Hexendinitril, which is hydrogenated to adiponitrile.

Use

Adiponitrile is hydrogenated to a large extent to hexamethylenediamine. By hydrolysis of the nitrile groups of adipic acid can be prepared. Both products are needed for the production of polyamide - 6.6.