Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp

Adolf I ( born January 25, 1526 the Duburg in Flensburg, † October 1, 1586 at Schloss Gottorp ) was from 1544 Duke of Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp and the first ruler of Gottorp 's line on the Schleswig-Holstein area.

Life

Adolf was the third son of King Frederick I of Denmark and his wife Sophia of Pomerania. Frederick gave his only Son into the education of Landgrave Philip of Hesse, where he remained connected throughout his life, and where he spent four years in the royal castle in Kassel.

1544 divided Adolf, his brother John and her half- brother of King Christian III. of Denmark the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein to approximate the same control force. Adolf as youngest was to be the first choice. Since he chose the area with the Gottorp Castle, the line he founded the house of Oldenburg was now called Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp. First, he traveled and settled Johann Rantzau manage his country. Adolf took part in the Reichstag of 1548, on which he lived Emperor Charles V at the height of his power. He accompanied his successor Philip on the tribute tour of the Spanish Netherlands and met a rich and flourishing countryside know.

Although even a Protestant, he supported the emperor with two thousand cavalry and ten infantry troop, led as these wars to break the power of the Protestant princes. He still had prestige among the other princes of northern Germany: they elected him supreme commander of the North German troops, he was Chief of the North German circuit.

From 1553 Adolf its actual home turned on again. 1556 he took over the church property and the episcopate of his deceased brother Friedrich, as this had decreed in his will. Then he set out to avenge the disgrace of his ancestors at the Battle of Hemmingstedt. Adolf wanted to extend his sphere of influence by laying hands on the then rich and independent peasant republic Dithmar. He managed to convince his two co-regent, together equip an army.

1559 Adolf conquered with his brother John and his nephew King Frederick II of Denmark in the last feud the peasant republic Dithmar. The three rulers divided the peasant republic among themselves, Adolf received the northern part and thus direct connection to its territories in eiderstedt. As Adolf's brother John died in 1580, he shared and King Frederick II the proportions of Johann at Schleswig and Holstein among themselves.

Domestically Adolf modernized the state: He left home and state administration and also appointed civil law -trained men in the administration. His rank and the associated political position of the young Duchy he had expressed by several representative new buildings. As a builder, he was, among other things Reinbeker castle, the Schloss vor Husum, the Tönninger castle Trittauer castle and the poor and elderly pin Gasthaus zum Ritter St. Jürgen in order. Also on Gottorfer castle was made ​​with the North Wing a major expansion.

From 1571 Adolf I belonged to the Imperial Admiral factory Commission, hoping in vain to 1576 on the appeal as Reich Admiral.

When Adolf died, his son Frederick Duke of Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp.

Descent

Progeny

1564 Adolf married Christine of Hesse (* June 29, 1543, † May 13 1604 ), the daughter of his tutor. With her he had the following children:

  • Frederick II ( * April 21, 1568, † June 15, 1587 ), Duke of Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp 1586-1587
  • Sophie ( * June 1, 1569; † November 14, 1634 ), married to Duke Johann VII of Mecklenburg -Schwerin
  • Philipp (* August 10, 1570, † October 18, 1590 ), Duke of Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp 1587-1590
  • Christine ( * April 13, 1573; † December 8, 1625 ), married to King Charles IX. of Sweden
  • Elisabeth ( * March 11, 1574; † January 12, 1587 )
  • Johann Adolf ( * February 27, 1575, † March 31, 1616 ), Archbishop of Bremen from 1585 to 1596, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck 1586-1607, Duke of Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp 1590-1616
  • Anna (* February 27, 1575, † April 24, 1625 ), married to Count Enno III. of East Frisia
  • Christian ( * May 29, 1576, † April 22, 1577 )
  • Agnes (* December 20, 1578, † 1627 )
  • Johann Friedrich ( September 1, 1579 *, † September 3, 1634 ), Archbishop of Bremen from 1596 to 1634, Bishop of Verden 1631-1634

Swell

  • Rolf Kuschert: The Early Modern Period, in: Nordfriisk Instituut (ed. ) History of North Friesland, Heath, Boyens & Co 1995 ISBN 3-8042-0759-6.
John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev Duchy of Schleswig Duchy of Holstein Johan Rantzau Dietrich, Count of Oldenburg Helvig of Schauenburg John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach Eric II, Duke of Pomerania Elisabeth of Habsburg (1436–1505) Frederick II, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Sophia of Holstein-Gottorp Johann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg Philip, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Christina of Holstein-Gottorp Charles IX of Sweden John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Archbishopric of Bremen John Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince-Bishop Verden (state) Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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