Adrar (Region)

Departments in Adrar

Adrar (Arabic ولاية أدرار, DMG Adrar wilaya ) is the seventh administrative region of Mauritania. The region is geographically dominated by the highlands of the Adrar Plateau.

Adrar means in Berber " mountainous area "; the name Adrar Temar serves to distinguish further southeast, in the Sahara Desert Mountain massif of the Adrar Ifoghas. The region's capital is Atar, more cities are Choum Chinguetti and Ouadane. Adrar is divided into three departments Atar, Chinguetti and Aoujeft.

It borders to the north on the western Sahara and Tiris Zemmour at, Mali and Hodh Ech Chargui from the east, and Trarza Tagant from the south and to the west Inchiri.

History

From the mid-15th century, was first reported in the Adrar villages. The area was at the center of the settlement area of Sanhaja that stretched from southern Morocco to the valley of the River Senegal. The Portuguese Pacheco Pereira 1506-08 reported that in addition to the, according to legend, founded in the mid 12th century place Wadan ( Ouadane ) the villages Sinqit ( Chinguetti ), Tynyguuhy ( Tinigi that existed until the 17th century) and Marzy have given. The latter site has not yet been identified.

At the beginning of the 18th century, the emirate of Adrar arose from the political unity of the two tribes of Awlad Ammani and Awlad Agchar. It is also known as the Emirate of Ahya min Uthman, named after the group of tribes Hassan, who formed the emirate. The most warlike tribe of that Emirates, which one often finds in the center of power and regulates the Emirati legacies is the root Awlad Gaylan. The Adrar until the 20th century one of the most powerful emirates of the region and long time inaccessible Castle of the Moors and the center of the independence fighters to Ma el Ainin against the French colonial power.

In addition to the warlike tribes religious tribes in education, politics, agriculture and trade played important roles, among others the Idawali, Idawalhaj, Ismacid, Kenta, Ahel Shayh Mohamed Fadel and others who mostly went about their activities in the oases.

The emirate had dissolved its peak in the 19th century under Ahmed Ould M'hammed and was built in 1933 by the French colonialists.

Famous people of the region

• Limam El Hadrami ( 11th century ); fully Abu Bakr ibn Al Hassen Al Mouradi Al Hadrami; Thinker, theologian, poet and co-founder of the Almoravids, was a judge and governor of Azougui (extinct city in Atar ) and wrote several books on religion and politics. His most famous work Essiyassa ew El- ichara wi tedbiri El- imara ( السياسة أو الإشارة في تدبير الإمارة ) was the basis for the policy of the Almoravids and later dynasties in North and West Africa.
• Emir Ahmed Ould M'hammed: just Emir, as he was called his subjects, reigned from 1871 to 1891.
• Emir Sid'Ahmed Ould Aida: He reigned from 1905 to 1932 and was the last official Emir of Adrar. He was repeatedly dropped by the French, came thanks to his negotiating skills, but always come back. He carried out several operations against the colonialists ( Tidjikdja, L' Amessaga, Amatil, Hamdoun, Kseir Torchane, Ouadane, etc.) and was captured by Colonel Pateys Army on January 13, 1912 in Tichitt. He continued his clashes with the French until his execution after a long chase on March 18, 1932 in Wedjan El- Kharroub continued.
• Maouya Ould Taya: President of the Republic of 12 December 1984 to 3 August 2005.