Adverbial

The adverbial determination ( also adverbial, adverbial, adverbial ) or circumstance determination (also called a fact stated) is a term used in grammar and refers to a member of a sentence or a phrase complement. It determines the circumstances of an event and characterizes the way an activity or a process in more detail. A Satzadverbial is expressed by Satzadverbien or prepositional additions subjective opinion of the speaker on the facts. Satzadverbiale modify (as opposed to modal adverbs ) the total rate ( Scopus ).

Accruals

Distinguish from the adverb

The concept of adverbials is to be distinguished from the concept of the adverb: the adverb is a part of speech, which may be an adverbial - or not. The adverbial is a syntactic function (also: set function, sentence function), which can be realized as an adverb - or not. The terminological confusion is due to the fact that in the case of the expression adverb verb from the Latin verb phrase in the sense of word and does not return within the meaning of the verb. The adverb is therefore a case of - word adverbial is a qualifier of the verb or a whole sentence.

Delimitation of the object

The adverbial is usually distinguished from the object. At the same time attention is drawn to "difficulties" the delimitation and demarcation as " often gradual nature" relativized or questioned. However, the difference is not based on the fact that objects are obligatory adverbials not.

Semantic class education

Adverbials provisions are divided according to their importance in various classes that correspond to those of the Adverbial. Thus, a Adverbial be replaced by a main clause by a adverbials of the same class is inserted in the other law.

Syntactic class education

After the syntactic function of the position in the sentence as a member of a sentence, the following classes can be formed:

In summary, the adverbial determination of a single word ( adjective or adverb ), from a group of words ( noun phrase, prepositional phrase, infinitive or participial ) or a subordinate clause exist.

Internal and external functions

Ingrid Renz represents in her work adverbials in German - A proposal for its classification and unification-based representation for non-uniform used term " adverbial " a definition that draws on insights from the computational linguistics and the valence theory. In order to include both the semantic and the syntactic features of adverbial, the two categories of " external function " and " internal function " distinguished. A subdivision of adverbials with regard to their external function leads to the two subcategories " supplements " and " information ", originating from the valence theory. The internal functions primarily include semantic features of adverbials ( Factive, modal, local, direktiv, temporal, conditional, ... ).

The subcategory " information " is divided into " prädikatsmodifizierende adverbials " ( correspond approximately to the Verbgruppenadverbialen ) and " block-related adverbials ". The latter are not to be equated with the " Satzadverbialen ", which represent only a portion of the internal functions of block-related adverbials. Satzadverbiale can either Factive (eg, fortunately, wisely, ...) or modal ( eg, perhaps, apparently, ... ) be. "Accessory" and " link " are other internal functions of block-related adverbials, which according to Polenz not allowed to clearly delimit. Both therefore determine the circumstance categories locally, direktiv, temporal, of action, and Konditionalverhältnisse Modalverhältnisse.

Commas

Adverbials provisions which themselves contain no verb are not separated by a comma from the main set.