Aescin
Escin Ia
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Attention
165 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Aescin (also: escin ) is a mixture of more than 30 different saponins, which ( Aesculus hippocastanum ) is isolated from the horse chestnut.
The main part makes with about 40 % of the β - escin. β - escin in turn, is a complex mixture that consists of more than 60 % from the five pentacyclic triterpene sapogenins escin Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb and IIIa. The aglycones of β - escins are diesters of Protoaescigenin and barringtogenol C, via the hydroxyl group at C-3 with a triple branched sugar ( trisaccharide ) are linked. The composition of the trisaccharide varies between the respective Aescinkomponenten.
Spontaneous migration of the acetyl group from C-22 to C-28 is formed from β -aescin the Kryptoaescin. Kryptoaescin is in contrast to β -aescin hemolytic inactive and soluble in water.
A previously termed α -aescin substance is a mixture of C-22 and C -28- acetates.
Structural variants of aescin
In the following, the structures of escin Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb and IIIa are shown.
The hydroxy group of the C-21 atom with escin Ia, IIa and IIIa is esterified with tiglic acid, wherein aescin Ib and IIb angelic acid. Aescinen Ia and Ib in the D-glucose is glycosidically linked via the C -2'- atom, wherein the Aescinen IIa and IIb, D-xylose and D-galactose aescin IIIa.
Medicinal use
Escin has a sealing effect on the vessel walls of the veins by causing changes in permeability (permeability). This would allow the escape of fluid into the tissue and reduces the outflow of water retention are accelerated in the tissue ( antiexudative and ödemprotektive effect). Be used therapeutically primarily on aescin standardized extracts from the seeds of the horse chestnut ( horse chestnut seed set dry extract ) or isolated aescin. They are used to treat symptoms in diseases of the veins of the legs ( chronic venous insufficiency ) and swelling after surgery or sports injuries, hemorrhoids.