Affix
The name affix (from Latin ad - figere, "pin "; PPP: to affixum adfixum assimilated ) has in linguistics, computer science, mathematics and natural sciences in the various different meanings.
Affixes in linguistics
In linguistics, an affix is a bound morpheme that has no lexical, but only a grammatical meaning. It is therefore bound lexical morphemes ( confixes, unikales morpheme ) to distinguish.
The affixes can be classified according to their position or according to their function.
Classification by position ( prefix, suffix, infix, Interfix, Zirkumfix )
Affixes another morpheme can be added before (prefix ), after (suffix), in ( infix ), between ( Interfix ) or ( Zirkumfix ).
Suffix
Example: "go " / "go -en ". The verb stem is go ( dive alone as well as in the imperative on ), the suffix- s is used to denote the infinitive form.
Prefix
Example: " go " / "be - go " The verb stem is go -. The applicative prefix be - converts the intransitive verb walk around in a transitive.
Zirkumfix
Example 1: " passed " = verb stem " crowd control " (as in " lead ") with the simultaneous addition Kicking "ge " and " ... - et ";
Example 2: Negation in Guarani: ndaguatái The verb form Aguata " I go " is negated with the Zirkumfix nd -...- i to ndaguatái " I do not go ".
Infix
Will not occur in the German language.
Example 1: In Kharia is the Nominalisierer - nV - before the coda of the first syllable inserted: gɔj "die" - gɔnɔj " death," jib " touch " - jinib " touch "
Example 2: Actuator focus in Tagalog: bumilí The verb stem is bili 'buy', the infix - to - indicates that the focus is on the agent: bumilí " buy ( someone purchases ) ".
Interfix
Example: " Dove of Peace " has the -s- as Interfix.
In contrast to infix, which is found only within a word root, Interfix between two root words occurs.
Classification according to the way
Affixes can be subsequently divided on what kind occurs a change in meaning by the change of a affix.
Simulfix
Example: Father is to be dads
In German, the umlaut is often used to put a word in the plural.
Duplifix
Example: " great-grandmother "
The German has very few reduplication, mostly archaic forms from earlier forms are included. In the above example, the "original " is used to characterize a generation.
Classification by function ( flexion and derivational )
Affixes can according to their function in inflectional affixes (also: Flexeme ) are divided and derivational ( Derivateme too). Inflectional affixes are used for diffraction (flexion ), derivational word formation ( derivation ).
Inflectional affixes are always suffixes in German.
Example: "go" = go -t with "t" as Flexionssuffix.
Derivational affixes can be in German or derivational Derivationspräfixe.
Example 1: "Teacher " = teaching it with " he " as derivational.
Example 2: " melt " = zer - go -en with " decomposed " as Derivationspräfix and "s " as Flexionssuffix.
Affixes in the natural sciences
In science, a well-defined set of prefixes used before measurements in order to obtain a (measuring) size (eg, meter, second, bytes, Hertz, Joule, ... ) several orders of magnitude. See Resolutions for units.
Affixes in the computer science / mathematics
An affix in computer science or mathematics is analogous to the definition in linguistics, a part of a string. One knows prefixes, infixes and postfix, the postfix is the equivalent to the suffix in classical linguistics.
Let a, b, c, ... elements from an alphabet, Let v, w arbitrary strings over an alphabet. Then is called, for example, the subsequence from the string
- Abw as a prefix,
- Vabw as infix,
- Vab as Postfix.
Accordingly, a company listed on different positions surgery characters are seen as affix. So you can, for example, write down the " " operator as
- Prefix ( m, n)
- Infix: m n or
- Postfix: (m, n)
For ( arithmetic ) operation character you most often use the infix notation for named functions the prefix notation: f ( x ), g ( x, y).