Ahmed Sékou Touré
Ahmed Sékou Touré ( born January 9, 1922 in Faranah Faranah Region, Guinea, † March 26, 1984 in Cleveland, Ohio) from 1958 until his death dictatorial ruling first president of Guinea after its independence.
Life
Touré was born the son of a Muslim Malinke farmers and a Malinke wife, his mother was a granddaughter of Almamy Samory Touré. After an early visit to a Koran school, he attended the French art school in Conakry one year. From the school referred to, he worked in various jobs before he finally passed his examination in 1941 and PTT ( Postes, Télégraphes et Téléphones ) worked. He constantly formed autodidactically, 1945, he was Secretary General of the Postal Union, and in 1946 co-founded the party Rassemblement Démocratique Africain ( RDA) of Félix Houphouët- Boigny, from 1947 in Guinea, the anti-colonial Parti Démocratique de Guinée (PDG ) emerged. In 1948 he became chairman of the Confederation of Workers of Guinea, the Guinean Department of French communist union Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT ).
In 1956 he became MP for Guinea in the French National Assembly and in the same year mayor of Conakry. As the country with the territorial elections reached the semi- autonomy and the PDG strongest political force was Touré took over the vice-presidency of the Territorial Assembly. With the proclamation of independence on October 2, 1958 Sékou Touré became president of the new state. For this year, his statement comes against the referendum by French President Charles de Gaulle: " Nous la liberté dans la préférons pauvreté à la richesse dans l' esclavage " ( " We prefer poverty in freedom a wealth in slavery before ").
The withdrawal of any financial and administrative support from France prompted Touré to turn to the Soviet Union and solidified the rule of single party PDG. Touré joined in the following years for a pan-African socialism and allowed the liberation movements in southern Africa are substantial and support, as well as the PAIGC ( Partido Africano da Independencia da Guiné e Cabo Verde), the African liberation movement against Portuguese rule in neighboring Guinea- Bissau.
During his nearly three -decade reign as Syli (, big elephant '), he established a dictatorship in Africa, were tortured and liquidated under the thousands of politically unpopular people. The Guinea recorded at least two million refugees in that time. Despite abundant harvests and numerous mineral resources, there was malnutrition. Towards the end of his tenure, he was forced in 1980 mainly due to the increasing protest especially women of Guinea, to change its domestic policy. In foreign policy he tried to attain economic aid for his country again by a grant from the West. Under Giscard d' Estaing, he managed a reconciliation with France. He also traveled to many other African countries and entered successfully as an intermediary.
Sékou Touré died in 1984 during heart surgery in Cleveland (Ohio, USA).