Aizoaceae

Pleiospilos spec., Habit and flowering.

The ice plant family ( Aizoaceae ) are a species-rich plant family in the order of the clove -like ( Caryophyllales ). The main application area is the southern Africa ( capensis). In Australia, many species are native.

Some species and varieties are used worldwide as ornamental plants. Many taxa are called in German " Mesembryanthemum " and many other taxa are called " living stones ".

Description

There are annual or perennial plants, it may herbaceous plants, subshrubs or shrubs to be. They are usually succulent. There are or CAM plants. The leaves are mostly succulent, but there are also herbaceous leaves.

The radial symmetry flowers are usually hermaphroditic (some Tetragonia species are unisexual ). Most five (three to eight) sepals are present. The flowers usually contain many ( 3-200 ) stamens ( = secondary polyandry ). Often sterile stamens ( staminodes ) are designed kronblattartig; this show organs are in very different number from 1 to 120 available; real petals are usually not available. The flowers contain (one or ) two to five ( or twenty ) carpels. Pollination is by insects diurnal ( entomophily ).

There are usually fruit capsules or sometimes formed berries, which contain many ( 1 to 1,000 ) seeds.

System

The ice plant family Cucurbitaceae is divided into four subfamilies with the following genera:

  • Subfamily Mesembryanthemoideae Ihlenf, Schwantes & Straka. : Aptenia
  • Aridaria
  • Aspazoma
  • Brownanthus
  • Caulipsolon
  • Mesembryanthemum
  • Phyllobolus
  • Prenia
  • Psilocaulon
  • Sceletium
  • Synaptophyllum
  • Subfamily Ruschioideae Schwantes ex Ihlenf, Schwantes & Straka. : Tribus Apatesieae Schwantes ex Ihlenf. , Schwantes & Straka Apatesia
  • Carpanthea
  • Caryotophora
  • Conicosia
  • Hymenogyne
  • Saphesia
  • Skiatophytum
  • Aethephyllum
  • Cleretum
  • Dorotheanthus
  • Acrodon
  • Aloinopsis
  • Amphibolia
  • Antegibbaeum
  • Antimima
  • Arenifera
  • Argyroderma
  • Astridia
  • Bergeranthus
  • Bijlia
  • Braunsia
  • Calamophyllum
  • Carpobrotus
  • Carruanthus
  • Cephalophyllum
  • Cerochlamys
  • Chasmatophyllum
  • Cheiridopsis
  • Circandra
  • Conophytum
  • Corpuscularia
  • Cylindrophyllum
  • Delosperma
  • Dicrocaulon
  • Didymaotus
  • Dinteranthus
  • Diplosoma
  • Disphyma
  • Dracophilus
  • Drosanthemum
  • Eberlanzia
  • Ebracteola
  • Ectotropis
  • Enarganthe
  • Erepsia
  • Esterhuysenia
  • Faucaria
  • Fenestraria
  • Frithia
  • Gibbaeum
  • Glottiphyllum
  • Hallianthus
  • Hammeria
  • Hartmanthus
  • Hereroa
  • Ihlenfeldtia
  • Jacobsenia
  • Jensenobotrya
  • Jordaaniella
  • Juttadinteria
  • Khadia
  • Lampranthus
  • Lapidaria
  • Leipoldtia
  • Lithops
  • Machairophyllum
  • Malephora
  • Marlothistella
  • Mestoklema
  • Meyerophytum
  • Mitrophyllum
  • Monilaria
  • Mossia
  • Muiria
  • Namaquanthus
  • Namibia
  • Nananthus
  • Nelia
  • Neohenricia
  • Octopoma
  • Odontophorus
  • Oophytum
  • Orthopterum
  • Oscularia
  • Ottosonderia
  • Peersia
  • Phyllobolus
  • Pleiospilos
  • Polymita
  • Prepodesma
  • Psammophora
  • Rabiea
  • Rhinephyllum
  • Rhombophyllum
  • Ruschia
  • Ruschianthemum
  • Ruschianthus
  • Sarcozona
  • Schlechteranthus
  • Schwantesia
  • Scopelogena
  • Smicrostigma
  • Stayneria
  • Stoeberia
  • Stomatium
  • Tanquana
  • Titanopsis
  • Trichodiadema
  • Vanheerdea
  • Vanzijlia
  • Vlokia
  • Wooleya
  • Zeuktophyllum
  • Subfamily Sesuvioideae Ihlenf, Schwantes & Straka. : Cypselea
  • Sesuvium
  • Trianthema
  • Tribulocarpus
  • Zaleya

Synonyms of the family are Ficoidaceae Juss. (Nom. rej. ) Mesembryanthemaceae Fenzl (nom. cons. ) Sesuviaceae Horan. and Tetragoniaceae Link (nom. cons).

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