al-Hakam I.

Al - Hakam I, Arabic الحكم بن هشام, DMG al - Hakam b. Hisham (* 770, † May 21 822), was third Emir of Córdoba ( 796-822 ).

Al - Hakam I came 796 succeeded his father Hisham I. in the Emirate of Córdoba. It came again to power struggles with the uncles Sulayman and Abdallah. Although these allied with the Franks under Charlemagne, but was left to the candidates when comparing the eastern part of the emirate between Huesca and Murcia. Under his government, the law school of Maliki prevailed in Andalusia largely. Moreover, at this time the use of Indian decimals by Abbas ibn Firnas were introduced in Andalusia and disseminated.

In the following years, al - Hakam I. had repeatedly against autonomy movements in the provinces, especially prevail but in the margravates. So should be, for example 797 in Toledo 5000 Noble was murdered at a banquet at the Alcázar on behalf of al - Hakam I, to break the independence aspirations of the city. In order to enforce his power, built al - Hakam I. a mercenary army of Berbers, Franks and Slavic slaves. With these, a conspiracy in Córdoba ( 805 ), and a riot in the suburbs of Cordoba against tax increases ( 818) were bloodily suppressed. Many opponents of the Umayyads fled to Morocco to Idrisids who settled the Andalusians in Fes (reportedly 15,000 families). Other groups took over temporarily in Alexandria, Egypt, the power ( 814-825 ) before 827 the Byzantine Crete conquered and founded an emirate (up to 961 ).

Because of this unrest al - Hakam I could not actively take action against the Franks. Thus, the Franks conquered Barcelona 801 806 and founded the Spanish March. This Frankish rule could also consolidate south of the Pyrenees. The Balearic Islands were fought between the Muslims and the Franks since 798.

After the death of al - Hakam I. on 21 May 822, his son Abd ar - Rahman II took over the government of the emirate.