Albert Bachmann (dialectologist)
(Johann) Albert Bachmann ( born November 12, 1863 in Huettwilen; † January 30, 1934 in Samedan ) was Swiss Dialektologe, Professor of Germanic Philology at the University of Zurich, 1892 Editor, from 1896 until his death in -chief at the Swiss Idiotikon.
Life
Bachmann was the son of Thurgau farmers. He attended the district school in Frauenfeld, where he let himself be inspired by his German and history teacher John Meyer for the study of languages and dialects. He studied at the University of Zurich among others Adolf Kaegi, Heinrich Schweizer - Sidler and Ludwig Tobler Germanic philology and comparative linguistics and a doctorate on January 9, 1886, his contributions to the history of the Swiss Gutturallaute; In 1891 he habilitated with his edition of the Swiss People's books from a Zurich manuscript of the fifteenth century.
1892 Bachmann was editor at the Swiss Idiotikon. In 1896 he joined the successor of Ludwig Tobler in the footsteps of Friedrich dust as Chief Editor of the Swiss Idiotikons as Professor of Germanic philology and in the same year. After his death in 1934 Otto Groeger took over as the " Bureau Chief " virtually the office of the Executive Editor.
Bachmann was a " striking personality, an immutable character ," he had a " reckless sense of duty coupled with tiefverwurzeltem, authoritarian knowledge " ( Eugene Dieth ), which has not always made the relationship with its employees and students easily.
Research
Bachmann worked intensively with the Swiss-German dialects, he was editor of the scientific series of contributions to Swiss German Grammar (BSG ), which comprises a total of 20 volumes, and in 1913, together with Louis Gauchat the Phonogram Archive of the University of Zurich. His 1908 printed the chapter on " languages and dialects " in the Geographical Dictionary of Switzerland was until the appearance of the German Switzerland Sprachatlasses from the 1960s as the definitive description of the Swiss-German dialect geography. Surprisingly, Bachmann offered at the university, apart from a voluntary, fortnightly "Swiss German wreath ", no courses to the Swiss German dialects. The sustainably -funded Albert Bachmann exploration of Swiss dialects was continued by his disciples Heinrich Baumgartner, Walter Henzen and Paul Zinsli at the University of Bern, Rudolf Hotzenköcherle and Manfred Szadrowsky at the University of Zurich.
The second focus of Bachmann's philological work was in Middle High German and Early New High German. He edited German Literature of the 15th and 16th century and was in 1892 a Middle High German reader including an in-depth grammar guide out, which was reissued again and again in the following eighty years. Bachmann had also long time in the critical edition of Huldrych Zwingli's works.
His chief merit was however to convert the still began in frühgermanistischen stage Swiss Idiotikon to the current in his time scientific, junggrammatische basis. Apparently inspired by Hermann Paul's lexicography - theoretical claims ( " The Tasks of scientific lexicography ", Munich 1894/5 ), Bachmann put significantly more weight on a comprehensive presentation of word history, and were under his management on a large scale semantic, geographical and temporal gaps in the verbal element is closed. On this basis, the Swiss Idiotikon became the most extensive regional Dictionary of German.
Bachmann's estate is located in the Manuscript Department of the Central Library Zurich.
Publications
- Contributions to the History of the Swiss Gutturallaute. Cooperatives Buchdruckerei, phil. Diss, Zurich 1886.
- (Ed., together with Samuel Singer): German chapbooks from a Zurich manuscript of the fifteenth century. Literary club in Stuttgart, Tübingen 1889 ( Library of literary association in Stuttgart 185).
- (Ed.): Morgant the giant. In the German translation of the 16th century. Literary club in Stuttgart, Tübingen 1890 ( Library of literary association in Stuttgart 189).
- (Ed. ): The Haimonskinder. In German translation of the 16th century. Literary club in Stuttgart, Tübingen 1895 ( Library of literary association in Stuttgart 206).
- Mittelhochdeutsches reading book with grammar and dictionary. Höhr, Zurich 1892; numerous reprints.
- Charles Knapp, Maurice Borel, Victor Attinger, Heinrich Brunner, Société de géographie neuchâteloise (Editor): Geographical Dictionary of Switzerland. Volume 5: Switzerland - Tavetsch. Publisher brothers Attinger, Neuchatel 1908, pp. 58-76, keyword Switzerland: D. languages and dialects (scan the lexicon page).
- Word article in Swiss Idiotikon 1892-1934 (Volumes III -X). From 1896 Bachmann has also endredigiert all non- self-written article.
- (Series Editor): Contributions to the Swiss German grammar. 20 volumes. Huber, Frauenfeld from 1910 to 1941.