Alcuronium chloride

  • N, N'- Diallylnortoxiferinium dichloride
  • 4,4 '- Didemethyl -4, 4'-di -1 - propenyltoxiferin dichloride
  • Allyl toxiferin
  • Alcuronii chloridum (INN -Latin )
  • Alloferin

M03AA01

Muscle relaxants

> 350 ° C ( from 220 ° C decomposition)

Decomposition

Well in water and alcohols

  • 240 ug · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, i.v.)
  • 38.5 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)
  • 27.6 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Alcuronium chloride ( alcuronium ) is a semisynthetic derivative of the alkaloid toxiferine, which is the main component of the calabash Curares, and is one of the Strychnos alkaloids.

Properties

The alcuronium chloride is an odorless and colorless, crystalline powder. Upon heating, the substance changes color from about 220 ° C and does not melt up to 350 ° C also. The optically active, soluble in water, such as methanol and ethanol in methanol compound shows a specific rotation angle of -348.

Clinical Use

In clinical use, it is used for Präcurarisierung ( dose 0.03 mg / kg body weight (bw ) ) before the administration of depolarizing muscle relaxants ( eg Suxamethoniumchlorid ) to minimize muscle ache -like symptoms after anesthesia. When used alone, its initial dosage is 0.15-0.25 mg / kg body weight and a maintenance dose of 0.02-0.05 mg / kg body weight. The effect occurs after 3-5 minutes and lasts between 60 and 80 minutes.

Side effects

It can be observed the following side effects:

  • Uncommon: spasm of the muscles, which span the airways ( bronchospasm); Heart rhythm disturbances ( arrhythmias ) and cardiac arrest as well as allergic skin reactions and gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • Very rare: blood pressure drop associated with a persistently fast heart rate (tachycardia ); anaphylactic reactions, as well as a temporary, slight arterial hypertension or heart rate acceleration. Its use should be reserved for experienced anesthesiologists or emergency physicians.

Absorption and elimination

Since the chloride is completely ionized in the physiological pH range, it is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, such as tissues and therefore only applied intravenously.

The substance is not metabolized in the body. About 5% appear in the bile, while the main quantity is excreted by the kidney ( by the kidneys ).

Proof

Impurities with Diallylcaracurin (DAC ) and the allyl Wieland Gumlich aldehyde (WCA ) can be determined by capillary electrophoresis with a detection limit of less than 0.1 %. The detection limit for alcuronium means of a HPLC method is 0.025 mg · l-1 plasma.

CAS registry number PubChem Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) Allergy
42833
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