Alexander Davydov

Alexander Sergeyevich Davydov (Russian Александр Сергеевич Давыдов; Ukrainian Олександр Сергійович Давидов, English transliteration Aleksandr Sergeevich Davydov; born December 26, 1912 in Evpatoria, † 19 February 1993 in Kiev ) was a Soviet- Ukrainian physicist.

Davydov completed his physics studies at the Lomonosov University in Moscow in 1939. During the Second World War he worked in an aircraft factory in Ufa After that he was from 1945 until 1953 at the Physics Institute of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in Kiev. 1954 to 1964 he was professor at the Lomonosov University in Moscow ( and at the same time from 1953 to 1956 at the Nuclear Research Center in Obninsk ) and then again in 1964 at the Physics Institute of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. From 1966 he was at the Bogolyubov Institute, the Institute for Theoretical Physics of the Academy, where he was director and from 1973 to 1988. He stayed afterwards honorary director.

Davidov is known for his work on molecular physics and optics ( Davydov splitting ) and engaged in collective core excitations ( rotation excitations of deformed nuclei in the Davydov - Filippov model). Later, he also turned to biophysics. He also named after him soliton excitations in molecules a ( Davydov soliton ), originally to explain the mode of action of muscles. He is also known for his quantum mechanics textbook which was also translated into German. In the 1940s he led independently by William Rarita and Julian Schwinger a wave equation for Spin-3/2-Teilchen. In the 1980s, he also developed a soliton theory of high-temperature superconductors.

He was a member of the French and Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.

Writings

  • Quantum mechanics, 1967, 5th edition 1978, Berlin, VEB German Academic Publishers (in Russian, Nauka, Moscow 1963, 2nd edition 1973, English translation 1965 Pergamon Press, also Japanese, Polish, Czech)
  • Theory of the absorption of light by molecular crystals (in Russian ), Kiev 1951
  • Theory of Molecular Excitons, McGraw Hill 1962, Plenum Press, 1971 ( Russian 1968)
  • Theory of atomic nuclei, Nauka, Moscow 1958 ( Russian)
  • Theory of Solids, Nauka, Moscow 1980 ( Russian, in French and Spanish translation )
  • Solitons in Molecular Systems, Reidel, 1985, 1991 ( Russian 1984)
  • Biology and Quantum Mechanics, Pergamon Press 1982
  • Solitons in bioenergetics, Kiev, 1986 ( Russian)
  • High Temperature Superconductivity, Kiev, 1990 ( Russian)
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