Alexander Luria

Alexander Romanovich Luria (Russian Александр Романович Лурия, scientific transliteration Aleksandr Luria Romanovic; * 3.jul / July 16 1902greg in Kazan, .. † August 14, 1977 in Moscow) was a Russian psychologist in the USSR.

Life

By 1921, Luria studied social sciences, medicine and psychology at the University of Kazan. From 1923 he worked at the Institute of Psychology of the Moscow University, first as an assistant to Konstantin Kornilov, later as Director of the Laboratory of General Psychology. Together with Lev Vygotsky and Alexei Leontiev, Luria was in the 1920s one of the protagonists of what is now known as cultural-historical school work contexts in Soviet psychology. In the early 1930s, Luria was forced out of ideological reasons, to abandon his position as lecturer of Psychology in Moscow, and turned again to the study of medicine. During the war, as a medical officer, he specialized in the rehabilitation of brain injured. From 1944 Luria worked at the Institute of Neurosurgery in Moscow, where he began to develop the scientific field of neuropsychology. As an independent branch of science, is concerned with the role of individual cerebral systems for complex forms of mental activity. Under political pressure (eg he was the anti - Pawlowismus accused ) had Luria give up this body, could use some time later, after the death of Stalin, the fold - political conditions in the Soviet Union had loosened, take his scientific work again.

Services

Luria is considered one of the founders of neuropsychology. With his pioneering work on aphasia and the role of language in the mental development of the child Luria reputation grew abroad, which eventually led to his vocational rehabilitation in their own country. He stood in friendly contact with scientists such as Kurt Lewin, Jean Piaget, Oliver Sacks and Jerome Bruner. Until his death in 1977, Luria worked his method of syndrome analysis further. Your most tangible expression of this in the two stories neurological Small Portrait of a big memory (1968) and The man whose world was shattered (1971).

Honors

Since 1987, in Germany, founded by Wolfgang Jantzen Luria Society - Association for the promotion of scientific foundation of the rehabilitation of brain-injured people

Writings

  • The higher cortical functions of man and their disturbances in local brain disorders, Berlin 1970
  • Language and consciousness, Berlin 1982 ISBN 3-7609-0668-0
  • The historical conditioning of individual cognitive processes, Weinheim ISBN 3-527-17566-0 1986
  • The Man with a Shattered World: The History of a Brain Wound. Harvard University Press, 1987, ISBN 0-674-54625-3
  • Romantic science. Research in the frontier district of soul and brain, Reinbek 1993 ISBN 3-499-19533- X
  • The brain in action. Introduction to Neuropsychology, ISBN 3-499-19322-1 Reinbek 1992
  • Small portrait of a large memory
  • The man, whose world was shattered, ISBN 3-499-19380-9 Reinbek 1991
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