Alkalosis

Alkalosis is a disorder of the acid- base balance in humans and animals, which causes an increase of the pH value in the blood. That is, the blood is more strongly basic. If the pH in the blood over 7.45 is called alkalosis. The normal value is at pH 7.35 to 7.45. Below this limit is called acidosis.

Classification

• A pH above 7.7 is usually fatal.
• The respiratory alkalosis is caused by excessive exhalation of carbon dioxide at a hyperventilation of the patient. This may have psychogenic reasons, be the result of anxiety or a response to pain or limited height occur (because of poor oxygen- air) and in tetany and a Rett syndrome.
• Reasons for a metabolic alkalosis may include loss of H ions ( Hydronen ) with vomiting of acidic gastric contents, massive supply of alkaline substrates such as sodium bicarbonate, a diuretic ( diuretic ) therapy or renal impairment. By definition, a metabolic alkalosis is present when a too large excess of base ( base excess ) is detected in the blood gas analysis (a standard bicarbonate value above 25 mmol / l).