Allium ampeloprasum

Ackerl Also, drawing by Walter Hood Fitch (1817 - 1892) (Allium ampeloprasum )

The Ackerl (Allium ampeloprasum ), also arable garlic, or garlic summer called, is a plant of the genus Allium (Allium ). The natural range of the Ackerl Auchs extends across southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Other deposits in the British Isles could also include natural range. It is used as a spice and medicinal plant.

Description

The Ackerl also grows as a vigorous, perennial, herbaceous plant with plant height up to 180 cm. At the base, the plant on a small tuber formation, which is greatly enlarged in the breeding form of the giant garlic. The two lines arranged leaves have a V-shaped cross-section, are up to 50 cm long and its leaf sheaths form a pseudostem to the actual stem.

The flowering time is June to August. The spherical doldige inflorescence has a diameter of 4 to 12 cm, and usually carries several hundred blossoms. There are forms that make up Brutzwiebelchen in the inflorescences, then fewer flowers are available. It is a large bract available. The hermaphrodite, radiärsymmetrische, threefold flower is 4 to 5.5 mm in size. The two times three different polymorphic, upright bracts are dark red, purple or white. The three outer and three inner stamens are designed differently. The anthers are purple or yellow. The scar is capitate.

Are formed ovoid capsule fruit having a diameter of 2 to 4 mm. The black seeds are obovate.

Use

Like other plants of the genus Allium (Allium ), the Ackerl Also can be used as a spice and medicinal plant due to its ingredients, where it disinfecting and digestive effect is attributed. Here, the taste or the irritant effect when Ackerl also is milder than onion and garlic. Bulbs and leaves are eaten raw or cooked. The flowers can be eaten raw.

Medically, this type is the same as garlic used. The sap is said to drive insects and mice.

System

Synonyms for Allium ampeloprasum L. nom. cons. are: Allium porrum L., Allium kurrat Schweinf, Allium porrum L. subsp.. eu ampeloprasum Breistr. , Allium scorodoprasum L. subsp. babingtonii ( Borrer ) Nyman.

Subspecies and varieties

  • Allium ampeloprasum subsp. ampeloprasum var babingtonii ( Borrer ) Syme
  • Allium ampeloprasum subsp. ampeloprasum var bulbiferum Syme
  • Allium ampeloprasum subsp. ampeloprasum var holmense Asch. & Graebn.

The Ackerl also regarded as the archetype of the following crops:

  • Leek or leek (Allium ampeloprasum leek group syn. Allium porrum L., Allium ampeloprasum subsp. Ampeloprasum var porrum (L.) J.Gay ) is used as a vegetable, herb or salad.
  • Pearl onions (Allium ampeloprasum Pearl Onion Group, Syn: Allium porrum var sectivum ) are settled mainly in canned
  • Elephant or giant garlic (A. ampeloprasum giant garlic group), with up to 60 g in weight tubers, is used as garlic spare, but has a much milder flavor.
  • Kurrat or Egyptian leek (Allium ampeloprasum Kurrat group, Syn: Allium kurrat Schweinf ex K.Krause, A. ampeloprasum var kurrat, Allium porrum L. var aegyptiacum Schweinf. . ) Is eaten as a vegetable or salad.

Botanical history

The Ackerl also been described ampeloprasum Linnaeus already in 1753 under the name Allium, at the same time he called the leek Allium porrum. Jean -Baptiste de Lamarck in 1779 resulted in both species under the name Allium porrum together, so that this name was valid for the Ackerl too. In the following years a number of subspecies and varieties has been described, the database of Kew Gardens lists of those 40 These are however all based on cultivated plants back, showing a wide variety of shapes. Because the name Allium ampeloprasum more often remained in use, it was proposed by Hanelt 1996 as " nomen conservandum ", ie as valid, although Lamarck actually Allium porrum selected as the label. In the literature, both names listed in use.

Swell

  • Description in the Flora of North America. (English )
  • PROTAbase sheet for Allium ampeloprasum.
  • P. Hanelt & IPK (ed.): Mansfeld 's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops, online version.

Credentials

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