Allyl alcohol
- Acrylic alcohol
- Acryloxidhydrat
- Vinylcarbinol
Colorless liquid with lovely smell of mustard oil
Liquid
0.85 g · cm -3
-129 ° C
97 ° C
24 hPa ( 20 ° C)
15.5 (25 ° C)
Completely miscible with water
1.4135 (20 ° C)
Risk
Not determined, as carcinogenic
-171.8 KJ · mol -1
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Allyl alcohol, also known as 2-propen -1-ol, is a colorless, clear liquid at room temperature, and chemical compound. It forms violently irritating vapors of bland, pungent odor. It consists of a chain of three carbon atoms with a double bond, and hydrogen atoms and a hydroxyl group ( OH group). Allyl alcohol is thus an unsaturated alcohol and is one of the alkenols.
Synthesis
The first representation of allyl alcohol was carried out in 1856 by Cahours and Hofmann, starting from allyl iodide. In the laboratory, allyl alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of glycerol with formic acid present.
In addition, allyl alcohol is accessible through a Meerwein - Ponndorf - Verley reduction of acrolein by-product or as a Tischenko reaction. There are other special methods for Allylalkoholdarstellung, an overview of a variety of patented processes can be found in a thesis. The technical description of allyl alcohol can be effected (for example, silver catalysts) by alkaline hydrolysis of allyl chloride, by the catalytic isomerization of propylene oxide, by hydrolysis / methanolysis of allyl acetate, or by a selective hydrogenation of acrolein.
Use (selection)
Allyl alcohol is an important intermediate in many organic- chemical synthesis. Through selective oxidation of acrolein is obtained, of the amino acid DL -methionine are made of the of> 400 000 tons / year; World market leader for Evonik Industries. The drug dimercaprol is prepared in two steps from allyl alcohol.
Safety
Allyl alcohol is flammable and toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin. It should be stored at a maximum of 15 ° C and thus in a refrigerator for chemicals.