Alternative education

Alternative education is not a scientific term used uniformly. It is a collective term for education outside the mainstream of education and the educational sciences.

The scope of meaning is from the concepts of progressive education ( Freinet, Montessori, Steiner and others) about Illich ( Deschooling, Deschooling ) and Braunmühl ( anti-pedagogy ) to mixed forms (for example, Active School ) - just to name a few.

Schools that operate according to these approaches call themselves " alternative school " or " Free - Alternative school " or " Free School " or " democratic school ".

Developments in the 20th century

Precursor of the alternative education was the reform pedagogy that developed in the first third of the 20th century from the criticism of the ' Pauk and drill school '. There was agreement in the progressive education mainly in the rejection of the old school and the old education and in the principle, School and learning in the experiences of children ( the Child forth ) align and no longer teaching materials or organizational criteria. After the Second World War, especially the Waldorf and Montessori education was continued. Only with the 68ers, the APO, the alternative education moved by the book success AS Neill: The anti-authoritarian education awareness.

Since the establishment of private schools is guaranteed in addition to the official, state schools by the Basic Law could - depending on the state of different - alternative schools are founded by private initiatives. The approval practice of school authorities, however, very restrictive - is shown by the founding documents of many schools. Typical is the case of the Free School in Frankfurt, which helped only an opinion by Hartmut von Hentig ( " How free are free schools " ) in the dispute before the Hessian State Supreme Court to break through.

As an alternative to alternative education is the approach of the propagated among others by Hans Brügelmann and Falko Peschel open education in the regular school. In stark contrast to the mainstream school there is no curriculum and no teaching by the teacher. The main reason for the action in the classroom alone are the individual learning plans of the children.

Alternatives usually pedagogy

• Comprehensive School ( school without readout )
• College education ( training, education )
• Laboratory Sciences Bielefeld
• Glocksee