Amastridae
Carelia turricula, Hawaii
The Amastridae are a family of terrestrial gastropods from the subordination of terrestrial snails ( gastropod ). The more than 300 species of the family are or were located exclusively in the Hawaiian Islands. Maybe, but over 90 % of the species are extinct or have been extirpated.
Features
The housings are hochkonisch, ovoid, subcylindrical, low - conical to almost flat. These are small to medium sized housing (about 50 mm) with up to about eight turns. The mouth always has a spin Della Melle, but the parietal and palaten parts of the estuary have no teeth or lamellae. The jaws are always well developed, striped relatively thick and smooth, easy or finned. In hermaphroditic genital apparatus is the penis of medium length; a epiphallus is always present. The inner wall of the penis is different reliefs, but never a pillar system. Usually a penis attachment is developed. The Penisretraktor attaches to the base of the penis Notes. The prostate consists of many acini, which are more or less ausgelängt. The vas deferens enters the penis always at the top, on epiphallus. He is always "free", that is, is not on the penis. The albumin gland is well developed. The stem of the spermathecae is relatively short.
Geographical distribution and behavior
The family is geographically limited to the Hawaiian island chain. The animals have a oviparous or ovoviviparous and lifestyle. You live or lived primarily on the ground in dry as well as wet habitats. Maybe, but over 90 % of the species described over 300 have died or been eradicated, the first Artverluste emerged shortly after the arrival of the first Polynesian settlers by habitat loss. After the arrival of Europeans, the Aussterbetempo but accelerated enormously. Many species losses were now caused by introduced species such as rats and any introduction of or deliberately exposed carnivore snails, especially the rosy wolf snail ( Euglandina rosea).
System
The Amastridae family of Schileyko (1998) and Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) divided into two subfamilies:
- Family Amastridae Pilsbry, 1910 Subfamily Amastrinae Pilsbry, 1910 Genus Amastra H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855
- Genus Amastrella Sykes, 1900
- Genus Armiella Guyatt, 1911
- Genus Armsia Pilsbry, 1911
- Genus Carelia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855
- Pilsbry & Vanatta genus Cyclamastra, 1905
- Genus Heteramastra Pilsbry, 1911
- Genus Kauaia Sykes, 1900
- Genus Metamastra Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Genus Paramastra Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
- Genus Planamastra Pilsbry, 1911
- Genus Tropidoptera Ancey, 1889
- Genus Angulidens Pilsbry & Cooke, 1914
- Genus Ilikala Cooke, 1911
- Genus Labiella L. Pfeiffer, 1854
- Genus Leptachatina Gould, 1847
- Genus Pauahia Cooke, 1911
- Genus Thaanumia Ancey, 1899
No agreement exists in which the superfamily family Amastridae heard; Schileyko puts them in the superfamily Achatinelloidea, Bouchet and Rocroi expect them to the superfamily Cochlicopoidea. Wenz she is still in the superfamily Pupilloidea.