Amtmann

The bailiff was in the German-speaking countries since the Middle Ages the highest service of a man created by the sovereign to the territorial administration of estates, castles and villages office, which was both an administrative and judicial district. Usually He belonged to the nobility or the clergy, in cities often also the wealthy strata of the bourgeoisie. He resided in the office and drove home in the district of collected taxes, administered justice and made with a small armed unit for security and order.

Later became common for the old word bailiff the word official one.

History

In the Danish Holstein time ( until 1864 ) the magistrate was the chief officers of a sovereign's Office. As head of the administration, he was since 1546 the Ministry ( German firm ) in Copenhagen. The bailiff was both secular judges of First Instance and formed with the provost together the spiritual court ( consistory ).

In Switzerland, the Ammann ( bailiff ) is since the Middle Ages, elected by the citizens of a canton chief executive ( Chief Magistrate ), a town (city Ammann ) or municipality ( mayor ). This name has not but obtained in all cantons.

In Tirol officers are occupied since the late Middle Ages and indeed as a sovereign's officials as well as a manager of aristocratic landowners. You will find there also referred to as a nurse and have been distinguished from the judges, which was responsible for the jurisdiction in the counties. Since 1392 chief officers was used by the Dukes of Austria, which took the control over the country's administration.

Official designation

Today bailiff is in Germany the official name for an official in Grade A 11 in the upscale service and Burgenland ( Austria ) the name of a municipality officials (see also Bailiff (Burgenland) ).

The female name office woman (eg Government Office woman - RAmtfr - or customs office woman - ZAF - ) has largely prevailed. For a time, was held office woman also the name Amtmännin - this term was before the rule - used in some states and the federal government. This term is, however, largely disappeared, however, in the Federal Customs Administration still mentions " Zollamtmännin " can be selected ( alternatively " customs house wife "). Originally came from the introduction of the official designation such as " judicial office woman " in the 1970s by a Lower Saxon official / legal nurse who refused to transport certificate accept, as long as it was not issued in the feminine form. In Switzerland, a female Landammann is commonly referred to as a woman Landammann and styled.