Anania verbascalis

Anania verbascalis

Anania verbascalis is a (small) butterfly of the family Crambidae.

Features

The wingspan of the butterfly is 22 to 26 millimeters (or the forewing length 10-11 mm). In the base color the wings are yellowish brown with more or less intense brownish Überstäubung. The forewings have two transverse lines, the outer with a strong central bulge, the inner transverse line, however, is only slightly bent. The return after the jagged bulge to the inner edge toward much stronger than the costal margin. A cross- wire line runs from the costal margin to return the outer transverse line. From the wing root to something over the cross bar wire addition, a dark longitudinal line, often bordered by a bright strip attracts. Often sits just outside the inner transverse line another very short cross vein line, which also emanates from the costal margin. In some specimens, the discounted - cellular spot stands out clearly bright. The bulge of the outer transverse line may be highlighted in light. In The Outfield a weakly curved, serrated shadow line is formed. The hem line is dark and usually lined with very thin light. The hind wing has the same color as the front wings. He has an almost perpendicular twice broken transverse line and a shadow line.

The caterpillar is greenish with a brownish head.

The doll is 9.5 to 11.5 millimeters long and measures 2.7 to 3.0 millimeters in diameter. It is reddish brown with a finely papillose, slightly wrinkled surface sculpture. The cremaster is relatively short and at the base greatly expanded. The wide end is rounded or obtuse. The medium length bristles are concentrated in a respective recess in the end.

Geographical distribution and habitat

Anania verbascalis is widespread in Central Europe. In England it is confined to the south. In Sweden it occurs up to the height of Stockholm. It occurs locally in Southern Europe, and in Asia Minor and the Caucasus. In the east, the range extends to Khakassia, Transbaikalia, the Russian Far East, northern Japan and Korea.

The species is found in open, dry and warm locations such as heathland, boulder fields, sandy and rocky places.

Way of life

Anania verbasci forms in Central Europe two generations per year, flying the moth from mid-April to June and July to mid-September. In the north of its range only one generation per year will be created. The moths fly in June and July. They are crepuscular and nocturnal and come to artificial light sources. During the day they sit hidden in the vegetation. The caterpillars feed on the small-flowered mullein ( Verbascum thapsus ), sage germander ( Teucrium scorodonia ) and Brown Wurzen ( Scrophularia ). The breed also succeeded with precious germander ( Teucrium chamaedrys ). The caterpillar lives in a cocoon among the leaves of the caterpillar food plants. The caterpillars overwinter the second generation and pupate in the spring of the following year.

Systematics and Taxonomy

The taxon was described in 1775 by Michael Denis Johann Ignaz and Schiffermueller first time under the name Pyralis verbascalis scientifically. The holotype came from the area around Vienna. The species is also found in the older literature, mostly under the name still used today Anania verbascalis.

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