Ancistrorhynchus
Ancistrorhynchus metteniae ( fig. II 9-15) Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach: Xenia Orchidacea
The genus Ancistrorhynchus from the orchid family (Orchidaceae) consists of 18 species. The plants grow mostly epiphytic, they are found in tropical Africa.
Description
The Ancistrorhynchus species have a monopodial growth, rarely branched stem axis. This is compressed with short internodes. The shoots grow partly erect, often arching approach hanging. In the lower area contains the enveloped of velamen roots. The leaves sit in two rows on the shoot and are deducted from this by a separating tissue. The leaf base includes the shoot so that it is completely hidden by the leaf bases. They unfold conduplikat, the midrib is well marked. The shape of the leaves linear to lanceolate. The blade tip is retracted, so that two lobes arise. These are almost identical to significantly unequal in size, rounded, pointed or provided with a plurality of teeth. For small species such as Ancistrorhynchus parviflorus, the leaves measure only four inches in length, while they are at long Ancistrorhynchus clandestinus up to one meter.
The flowers are crowded together in short inflorescences. The paper-like support sheets can be as large as the flowers. The predominant color is white, sometimes greenish or brownish. The flowers last only a few days and often remain half closed. They are in some species ' upside down, not for others. The petals are not fused together. The lip is simple or easy three-lobed, forming a spur at its base. The column bears on the bottom a bit sunken scar and at the end of the stamen. The separation between scar tissue and stamen ( rostellum ) is in two parts, the two long lobes result from the stamen away parallel to the first column and then have a bend of 180 ° to the column tip on. The two pollinia are connected via a common or two separate stalks with a common viscid disc ( Viscidium ).
Dissemination
The species of the genus Ancistrorhynchus are in tropical Africa common, especially in the West. Ancistrorhynchus metteniae has the largest distribution area of Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Central African Republic and Uganda to Ethiopia and Tanzania.
There are epiphytic in the shade getting wetter forests growing plants.
Systematics and botanical history
The genus Ancistrorhynchus was set up in 1907 by Achille Finet. The two species named by him were Ancistrorhynchus breviflorus and Ancistrorhynchus recurvus. Long before John Lindley and Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach had three species described - the Finet but not recognized as belonging to his new genus - the genus Angraecum and Listrostachys. Only Rudolf Schlechter in 1918 summed up these five species together, but at the same time presented a genus Cephalangraecum for species with strong swamped inflorescence axis on. This was combined by Summerhayes 1944 Ancistrorhynchus. The name was derived from the Greek words Ancistrorhynchus ἄγκιστρον " ankistron " for, hook ' and ῥύγχος " rhynchos " for Beak ' is formed. It refers to the hook- shaped bent rostellum.
The genus belongs to the tribe Vandeae. Long time she was placed with several other genera in a subtribe Aerangidinae. However, recent studies favor the merger under a broad subtribe Angraecinae. Are closely related to the genera Bolusiella and Microcoelia.
The following species are counted to the genus Ancistrorhynchus:
- Ancistrorhynchus akeassiae Pérez- Vera
- Ancistrorhynchus brevifolius Finet
- Ancistrorhynchus capitatus ( Lindl. ) Summerh.
- Ancistrorhynchus cephalotes ( Rchb.f. ) Summerh.
- Ancistrorhynchus clandestinus ( Lindl. ) Schltr.
- Ancistrorhynchus constrictus Szlach. & Olszewski
- Ancistrorhynchus crystalensis P.J.Cribb & Laan
- Ancistrorhynchus laxiflorus Mansf.
- Ancistrorhynchus metteniae ( Kraenzl. ) Summerh.
- Ancistrorhynchus ovatus Summerh.
- Ancistrorhynchus parviflorus Summerh.
- Ancistrorhynchus paysanii Senghas
- Ancistrorhynchus recurvus Finet
- Ancistrorhynchus refractus ( Kraenzl. ) Summerh.
- Ancistrorhynchus schumanii ( Kraenzl. ) Summerh
- Ancistrorhynchus serratus Summerh.
- Ancistrorhynchus straussii ( Schltr. ) Schltr.
- Ancistrorhynchus tenuicaulis Summerh.