Anderson localization

Anderson localization as the suppression of the diffusion is referred to in disordered environments, if the degree of clutter (concentration of impurity ) exceeds a certain threshold. The effect is named after Philip Warren Anderson.

As a result of Anderson localization vanish at absolute zero temperature in the mentioned threshold is exceeded, the electrical conductivity and the diffusivity associated with all other variables; therefore it is also called a ( Anderson'schen ) metal -insulator transition (there is also the so-called Mott'schen metal-insulator transition, this is not confusion, but by electrostatic correlation effects caused ).

In the quantum mechanical localization theory a particle is in a microscopically disordered environment considered ( the so-called random potential), while the analogous classical problem exists, the percolation, a macroscopically inhomogeneous system. In both cases, a phase transition, which is characterized by the existence of a critical energy. In the treatment of head - insulator transition of the Anderson - type specifically the one-electron wave functions " extended " (ie non- square integrable and conductive) when, and they fall off exponentially (ie they are " local" and ie square integrable and non- conductive) for. Therefore, the electronic transport in a disordered system is essential in relation to a function of the position of the Fermi level. For there is a ladder, for contrast, an insulator.

This transition is, as mentioned, Anderson transition.