Andrea del Castagno
Andrea del Castagno (Andrea di Bartolo di Bargilla, Andrea dal Castagno also di Mugello; * around 1418 in the district of San Godenzo Castagno; † August 19, 1457 in Florence) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance. He is considered one of the most influential artists of the early Renaissance in Florence.
Life
Andrea del Castagno was born around 1418 in Castagno, a village near Mount Falterona not far from Florence. During the battle between the Duchy of Milan and Florence, he lived in Corella and then returned to his home village, from where he moved to Florence in 1440. He won there the patronage of Berna Benedetto de ' Medici. In whose behalf he painted in 1440 after the Battle of Anghiari, the images of the penalized and hanged losers to the outer wall of a palace, which he initially nicknamed Andrea degli Impiccati, the " Andrea of the hanged " earned. The work to him meant the beginning of a long career.
Andrea del Castagno then works in 1442 initially then as a fresco painter in the church of San Zaccaria in Venice. Then he worked in the area around Florence and involved in the Florentine - Venetian exchange of ideas. In his subsequent frescoes for the convent of San Apollonia in Florence, the influence of significant master of the early Florentine Renaissance Domenico Veneziano and Piero della Francesca active in Tuscany is recognizable. From 1444 he was again mainly in Florence. He also designed one of the round windows of the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore. He was a member of the Guild of St. Luke.
Style
Castagno stood in the tradition of realism Masaccio. Already Giorgio Vasari in the 17th century still enthusiastic for Andreas central perspective and representations of foreshortening, such as when Jerome in the Corboli Chapel of Santa Annunziata. Castagno colors was rather inadequate, but betrayed eg the " Last Supper " ( 1447, San Apollonia ) his strong talent for drawing. Later Castagno was under the influence of the sculptor Donatello.
Works (selection)
- Frescoes in San Zaccaria in Venice, 1442 The earliest extant works are his frescoes for Castagnos San Zaccaria in Venice, from the year 1442
- Frescoes in the refectory of the monastery of San Apollonia in Florence, 1447 1447 Castagno painted the refectory of the Benediktinertklosters Sant'Apollonia with frescoes, including The Last Supper and other scenes from the Passion of Christ, as crucifixion, and resurrection Grablegeung.
- Frescoes of famous men and women, Villa Carducci at Florence, 1450 One of the most famous works are the Castagnos nine frescoes of famous men and women from the Villa Carducci. This secular images with an almost statuesque effect were brought discovered in the 19th century and collected from the villa to Florence, where they were to be seen until the 1966 flood in the refectory ( Cenacolo ) of the former monastery Sant'Apollonia. Today they are seen in the former Church of San Pier Scheraggio, a division of the Uffizi. Make three each in the Renaissance famous warrior women and poet is: Pippo Spano, Farinata degli Uberti. Niccolò Acciaiuoli, Cumaean Sibyl, Queen Esther and Queen Tomyris, and Dante Alighieri, Francesco Petrarca and Giovanni Boccaccio.
- Frescoes in the Basilica della Santissima Annunziata in Florence, 1455 1455 Castagno painted frescoes in the Basilica della Santissima Annunziata in Florence. In various side chapels there, he created images of St. Julian and St. Jerome and an image of the Holy Trinity.
- Niccolò da Tolentino picture of the grave. Cathedral of Florence, 1456 1456 Castagno painted the equestrian portrait of Niccolò da Tolentino, a fresco on whose tomb in the cathedral of Florence.
Castagno and Veneziano
Giorgio Vasari in the second part of his biographies, Andrea Domenico Veneziano have killed out of jealousy at its color. In fact, Domenico died four years after Andrea. Andrea probably died of the plague.
Castagno Museum
The monastery Sant'Apollonia ( Convent of Santa Apollonia ) in Florence ( Via San Gallo / Via XXVII Aprile ) is a Castagno Museum today.