Andreas Libavius

Andreas Libavius ​​, also: Libau; Basilius de Varna (* 1555 in Halle an der Saale, † July 25, 1616 in Coburg ), was a philosopher, physician and chemist a polymath of his time and is considered the founders of modern chemistry.

Life

He was born as Andreas Libau, the son of a linen weaver Johann Liebau. Libavius ​​visited in hall high school and studied first at the University of Wittenberg in 1576 and 1577 at the University of Jena, the subjects history and philosophy, where he earned the degree of Master of Arts. In addition, he heard in Jena lectures on medicine. Then Libavius ​​worked as a teacher, first from 1581 in Ilmenau and then from 1586 in Coburg. 1588 he went to Basel and received his doctorate at the University as a doctor of medicine. At the end of the same year he began to lecture on the history and poetics as a professor at the University of Jena. In addition, he directed medical disputations.

Stadtphysikus he was 1591 in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, and a year later a school inspector. In 1606 he was commissioned by Duke Johann Casimir the offer as rector of the gymnasium Casimirianum newly established to conduct in Coburg, where he in 1607 was then working as "Director and Professor primarius " until his death in 1616.

Works

The theological publications Libavius ​​opposed the Jesuit Jakob Gretser. These are "Analysis dialectica colloqui ratisbonensis " from 1603 and " Gretserus triumphans " of 1604, which are under the name Basilius de Varna, a letter from Andreas implementation Libavius ​​published.

1597 was the " Alchemia ", his most famous essay published, in which he describes, among other things, the possibility of transmutation. It was the first systematic book of chemistry. So he showed at the copper salt solutions - for example, made regia and bronze - that this, with the help of ammonia ( " ammonia " ) can be detected by a deep blue color ( cation separation transition ). Other works have included the four-part book " singularia " of 1599, which contains a collection of descriptions and discussions of medical scientific phenomena. 1610 appeared Libavius ​​of the fountain writing " Tractatus Medicus Physicus and the Historia fürtrefflichen Casimirianischen SawerBrunnen / under Libenstein / not remotely located from Schmalkalden ", one of the first wells magazines in Germany. In " Syntagmatis alchamiae Arcanorum " from 1615, he described the 1605 production of the discovered tin chloride, which is therefore also referred to by him as a spirit fumans Libavii. However, the Franciscan monk Ulmannus had in 1419 mentioned the tin chloride in the "Book of the Holy Trinity ".

Libavius ​​advocated the teachings of Paracelsus, but without the astrological and spiritual interpretations and entered a particularly for the chemical drugs. The Brotherhood of the Rose Cross, he disagreed in his treatise " concerns of the fama and confession of the Brotherhood of the Rose Creutzes ".

Other works

  • Neoparacelsica. Frankfurt 1594
  • Tractatus duo physici. Frankfurt 1594
  • Counter-report of the Panacea Amwaldina, Georg auff from National Forest which aussgegangenen report. Frankfurt 1595
  • Singularium pars prima pars secunda .... Frankfurt 1595
  • Analysis DIALECTICA colloquii ratisbonensis. Frankfurt 1602
  • Poemata epica, lyrica, et elegica. Frankfurt 1602
  • Alchemical Practic. Frankfurt am Main1603 ( digitized )
  • Gretserus Triumphatus. Frankfurt 1604
  • Alchymia triumphans. Frankfurt 1607
  • Wolmeinendes bedencken / From the Fama and Confession of the Brotherhood concerning the roses Creutzes. Frankfurt 1616
Casimirianum Coburg Alchemy Albert Ladenburg Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Johann Heinrich Zedler Integrated Authority File
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