Andros

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The Greek island of Andros (Greek Άνδρος ( f sg ) ) is the northernmost and second largest island of the Cyclades and the third largest in the region South Aegean ( Περιφέρεια Νότιου Αιγαίου ). There she forms since 2011, the municipality of Andros ( Δήμος Άνδρου ) and the Regional District of Andros ( Περιφερειακή Ενότητα Άνδρου ). Administrative center is the city of Andros. According to the 2011 census the island had 9,221 inhabitants.

• 4.1 Tourism
• 4.2 Attractions
• 4.3 traffic

Geography

Location

With 383.022 square kilometers Andros is the second largest island of the Cyclades after Naxos. From the westägäischen Evia Island Andros (also Στενό του Κάβο Ντόρο Στενό του Καφηρέα ) separated by about 11 km wide and 400 m deep Kafiras Street. The Greek mainland coast of Attica is located about 56 km to the west. The distance to the nearest island in the Cyclades Tinos From the southern tip of Cape Steno ( Ακρωτήριο Στενό ) is 1.5 km. In close proximity to the north and east side are some small uninhabited islets. The Gavrionisia lie in the Bay of Gavriou ( Όρμος Γαυρίου ) on the south side.

In northwest-southeast direction, Andros extends over 39.8 km. At its widest point in the center of the island, from Cape Thiaki ( Ακρωτήριο Θειάκι ) on the west coast to Cape Gria ( Ακρωτήριο Γριά ) on the east coast of the island is 16.7 km. The narrowest part is located in the south of the island from the west coast to the Bay of Korthi ( Όρμος Κορθίου ) at 5.3 km.

Andros is one of the most mountainous Cyclades islands with a richly structured, mostly steep coast. Four running almost parallel mountain ranges attract each from southwest to northeast. In between lie ravines and valleys with partially water throughout the year leading streams and lush vegetation. Beaches exist almost exclusively in the mouth region of streams, while it frequently for beach ridge formation.

In the north the Agii Saranda reach ( Άγιοι Σαράντα ) 718 m. The highest peaks of the island are located in the central mountain region Kouvara - Petalo. The northern ridge Kouvara ( Κουβάρα ) has several almost equally high peaks, the Prophet Elias 997 m, the highest elevation dar. The Petalo ( Πέταλο ) is connected only on the northwest side with the Kouvara and also reaches altitudes above 990 m. In the Valley of Chora 28.2 km ² catchment area of ​​Megalos Potamos is ( Μεγάλος Ποταμός, Big River '). The 11.6 km, the longest river of the island opens at Paraporti - beach ( Παραλία Παραπόρτι ) south of the island's main town of Andros. Further south, follow the mountain ranges Gerakones ( Γερακώνες, 685 m) and Tsirovlidi ( Τσιροβλίδι, 726 m) and in the extreme south of the Rachi ( Ράχη ) with 682 m.

Climate

Climate of Andros is characterized by mild, rainy winters and hot dry summers mostly. Due to the topography prevail depending on the height and orientation considerable climatic differences. Only the locations at lower elevations show the aegean typical climate for several months in summer dry period. The average annual temperature is 18.0 ° C. Due to the prevailing winds from the northwest to northeast from late July to early September are the summer average temperatures at 25.0 ° C in July. The winter average temperatures reach 12.0 ° C in January Days of frost are rare, an average of eight per year.

The height of the island and its northwest-southeast orientation of the annual rainfall is remarkable compared to other Cycladic islands. In the coastal areas it averages around 450-500 mm in the mountainous areas often over 900 mm. Almost every year it comes from January to February in the villages of Kouvara - Petalo mountain region to snowfall. Rare event are snowfall at lower elevations, such as on the Gavrionisia in winter 1990-1991. In the summer months, in the Kouvara - Petalo mountain region of the dry and cool Meltemi in conjunction with evaporation to local cloud formation and increased humidity.

History

The island first occupied by Carian pirates, was populated as a result of the Dorian invasion by Ionians and sent as early as 650 BC, several colonies of Halkidiki from.

After the Persian Wars, in which she had stood on the side of the Persians, they obeyed the Athenians. Later she got into Macedonian, then in Pergamum, finally in 133 BC in Roman violence.

After justification of the Latin Empire in 1207 she was awarded with the Venetian nobleman Marino Dandolo its own princes, whose successor from other Venetian families held their own against the Turks and had them leave the island until 1566.

Since the 13th and 14th centuries there are on the island arvanitische a minority.

Since the late 19th century, the island developed into a center of art in Greece, the "City Escape " the artists performed in addition to the interest in light, the rural motives or the striking landscapes and longings for a simple, pulled back life.

Administrative divisions

→ Administrative divisions of Andros

With the implementation of local government reform after the Kapodistrias program in 1997, the island of Andros was divided with a total of 24 community districts in the three municipalities of Andros ( town ), Korthi and Gavrio. On 1 January 2011 the Kallikratis program performs the former municipalities of the island along the newly created municipality of Andros ( Dimos Androu Δήμος Άνδρου ), administrative center is the city of Andros. The previous communities form municipal districts.

Economy and infrastructure

Tourism

The predominantly Greek tourism is mainly used in Batsi, south of Gavrio instead, but also in the area of Andros Town and in Gavrio. Mainly weekend visit many Athenians Andros. Andros is rarely the target of vacation packages.

Attractions

In Greek contemporary art Andros plays a prominent role. Many Greek artists entertain on the island studios that inhabit it temporarily.

• Museum of Modern Art ( Vasilis and Eliza Goulandris Foundation of )
• Maritime Museum
• Museum of Local History
• Tourlitis Lighthouse

Traffic

Regular ferry services consist of Rafina to Gavrio on the west coast.

Personalities

• Aulus Avillius Flaccus († 39 AD ) was a Roman knight and prefect of Egypt. Was banished to Andros
• Theophilos Kairi (1784-1853), philosopher of the Enlightenment
• Alexander Pantages (1867-1936), American vaudeville impresario.
• Nikitas Kaklamanis ( born 1946 ), former Mayor of Athens