Anhalt-Bitterfeld

The district of Anhalt -Bitterfeld is a town in Saxony- Anhalt. It was formed in the course of administrative reform on 1 July 2007 from the former counties of Bitterfeld and Köthen as well as parts of the former district of Anhalt- Zerbst.

4.1 traffic
4.2 Economics
4.3 settlement
4.4 Health

6.1 Management Communities ( VG)
6.2 Amalgamations
6.3 Name changes

Geography

The crescent-shaped area of the county extends over 1453 km ². From the northernmost to the southernmost place Nedlitz place Landsberg - Torna is located a distance of 59 kilometers, while the westernmost town of Köthen - Dohndorf 48 kilometers from the eastern point Schwemsal. However, at its thinnest point at the height of Aken, the district is only eight kilometers wide. The landscape is dominated largely agricultural. In the area of Bitterfeld- Wolfen, there are large chemical plants and more recently in the Solar Valley Thalheim with photovoltaic plants. In the south, disused opencast lignite mines lakes form a landscape in the north of the county comes close to the wooded ridge Flaming, where there is also the highest point with the 136 -meter-high vineyard. At the same Aken shares in the Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve the county in a northern and a southern half, the south-eastern part flows through the trough.

Historical development

The name of the county is historically only partly true. The name combined with evidence there was in the past only in territories that were actually related to the Principality or Duchy of Anhalt, for example Anhalt- Köthen and Anhalt- Zerbst. However, the eponymous Bitterfeld was at no time a Duchy of Anhalt. However Bitterfeld belonged to the Electorate of Saxony, which was justified by the evidence as Ascanians. However, in the Electorate of Saxony whose reign ended already in 1423, in Anhalt until 1918.

In fact, the county is for the most part in areas that were formerly Anhalt, namely the resulting Anhalt- Köthen in 1252 and the 1382 split Anhalt- Zerbst. While Anhalt- Zerbst only until 1793 was on its own, Anhalt- Köthen had until 1847 inventory, since 1807 as a duchy. Both territories were in 1918 in the Free State of Anhalt. The southern area of the county around the cities of Bitterfeld- Wolfen and Landsberg was one of the mid-11th century to 1815, the county Landsberg, which belonged to the Wettin territory since 1423.

As a result, the Congress of Vienna, the area of the former county came up with another northern parts of Saxony to the Prussian province of Saxony, and in 1816 the newly formed district of Bitterfeld in the district of Merseburg slammed. The remaining territory was in 1918 after the establishment of the Free State of Anhalt in Dessau- Köthen the circles and Zerbst.

After the Second World War were all three circles to the state of Saxony- Anhalt. After the East German government reform of 1952, the districts of Köthen, Bitterfeld were the District Hall and the Zerbst district assigned to the district of Magdeburg. All three circles had even after the re-establishment of the State of Saxony- Anhalt in 1990 remain valid. The second Administrative Reform in Saxony- Anhalt in 2007 originally provided only the amalgamation of counties Bitterfeld and Köthen. Through a referendum, however, forced the inhabitants of Zerbst and 21 other communities that were originally supposed to go to the district Jerichower country, an assignment to the district of Anhalt- Bitterfeld. Because of its central location Köthen was designated as the seat of the district administration.

Policy

On 23 September 2008, the district received the loaned by the federal government entitled " City of Diversity".

District

On 6 May 2007, the former District Administrator of the Bitterfeld Uwe Schulze became the new district of Anhalt- Bitterfeld elected in a runoff election with 70.1 percent of the valid votes with a voter turnout of 22.0 %.

Council

The elected on 22 April 2007 the district council has the following composition:

The CDU, SPD and Greens as well as the electoral roll sport, FREE VOTER initiative for Wolfen and FREE VOTER Zerbst have joined each to a common fraction. The fraction FREE VOTER Anhalt- Bitterfeld (FW ABI ) consists of: 1FREIE VOTER Zerbst (formerly Wählergemeinschaft local active) 2Wählerliste Sports of the district Bitterfeld 3Initiative FREE VOTER for Wolfen

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved on 31 August 2007 by the Ministry of Interior.

Blazon: " em; Field 1: one in silver on red battlements linkshin border black bear; Field 2: Gold in a red reinforced, dreizehiger, black lion with knocked-out tongue; Field 3: silver three red Seeblätter (2:1); Field 4: in red is a growing silver palm tree with fruit. "

With the development and scientific documentation of a new coat of arms and the flag of the heraldist Jörg Mantzsch was commissioned.

It was the desire of the decision makers of the territories - the three district councils and later the faction leaders of all parties - and then decision of the constituent District Councils to include certain elements in the new coat of arms with which to identify the regions from the previous crest. These are symbols of Anhalt, of the Electorate of Saxony, the county Landsberg and in the narrower sense of the district Köthen.

Thus, a quartered shield was decided.

Field 1 displays a silver background border linkshin a black bear on red battlements. The bear symbolizes the Ascanian / Anhalt emblem, while the wall is known, expressed reference to a city. The Prince of Anhalt resulted in their Titulation among others, the name Lord to Bernburg, Zerbst and Gröbzig what they ( in the sense of pars pro toto = a part stands for the whole) by absorbing elements of the city coat of arms (bear on wall) in their national coat of arms expressed. The bear on the wall in the county coat of arms of Anhalt- Bitterfeld takes on the meaning of this symbolism by consider themselves as the regulatory body representing all cities and towns of the district. At a breakthrough ( gate) in the wall has been omitted because it bypassing the tingistischen usually metal must not come to metal was better concealed. In addition, no direct reference should be made to the country's coat of arms. For the latter reason the bear below linkshin also has a claw more than the national coat of arms, a slightly rounded rump and is without a back pleat.

Field 2 carries the Saxon- Wettin insignia of the black lion on a gold field. Here was compared to the presentation in the hydrolysis with coat of arms of the district of Bitterfeld, whose coat of arms was quartered, hardly changes.

Field 3 pushes with the three red Seeblättern on a silver background the immediate reference to the county of Landsberg. The historical importance of the Counts of Landsberg, which went up in the line of the Wettin and by which larger parts of the country to others fell to Saxony Anhalt in later district Bitterfeld, is closely connected to both the Anhalt as Saxon history. This is evident not least in the incidence of Seeblätter in several cities coat of arms in the region.

Field 4 is the desire of the former district Köthen, to take over in the new county coat of arms from 1991, conducted in the arms palm. This is not the direct reference to the emblem of the fruit -bearing Society (1617-1680), which comes from the palm, authoritative, but rather the terms of the related motto all to benefit, to the person the district council. Following the basic rules of tincture, had the palm tree on a colored background metallic ( ie silver or gold ), which was chosen for silver to make the arms unnecessarily colorful.

The arrangement of the graphical elements in four divided shield does not occur randomly, but in the union rank order, with indication (Bear) is not to be considered before Saxony (Lion), but in the county name is front and so also in the coat of arms.

The illustration of animals, for example, coat of arms corresponds to the graph in part, centuries-old traditions. Coats of arms are symbols, not depictions of reality. They are presented in their heraldic stylized graphics. That is, objects or living beings are not reflected in its architectural and anatomical precision, but in heraldic manner. A lion, for example, is not represented as an anatomy artist would draw a lion, but as it is heraldic handed and codified. It is also important to reflect on the concrete lions of the rule symbol, because Lion is available in many coat of arms and they must not be confused, which is why everyone has certain attributes. When we here speak of the Wettin lions and not the cure - Saxon or Meissen lions, it is because these terms refer to an identical crest drawing. The House of Wettin presented Bishops, Margrave of Meissen, and later King of Saxony, who adorned themselves in their coat of arms with the lion's contest and this symbol rendered as claim to power on the crest of the cities.

As for the Seeblätter, so they are a coat of arms image and its correct name dispute its origin, meaning and appearance to heraldist and laymen for centuries. Even the protagonist in terms of heraldry, Johann Siebmacher regrets in his coat of arms book, which first appeared in 1605, that there are almost as many views as representations of Seeblättern and they are confused again and again. Meanwhile, the scientific heraldry of modern times has to formulations and graphic patterns found. A Seeblatt is in its original and proper form of the linden leaf -like leaf of water lily with an ornamental breakthrough that opens the upper part. The actual origin and meaning of the Seeblätter is unknown, because the coats of arms of Seeblättern far before the introduction of heraldic terminology.

Symbolism is also expressed with the palm (coconut palm). It was considered a perfectly useful plant whose elements found from the root as fuel on stem, leaves and fruits to the fibers of the coconut from which mats were woven all use. In this sense, we find them in the emblem of the fruit -bearing Society.

On 12 July 2007 the new council decided at its inaugural meeting, created by Jörg Mantzsch Kommunalheraldiker Magdeburg coat of arms, and the corresponding flag to use.

The coat of arms of the administration communities, cities and towns of the district can be found in the list of the coat of arms in the district of Anhalt -Bitterfeld.

Flag

The flag is black - Gold ( Yellow) ( 1:1) striped ( longitudinal Format: strip running vertically, cross- shape: strips running horizontally ) and the center occupied by the county coat of arms.

Infrastructure

Traffic

Through the county runs a dense network of highways, of which the B 184 Leipzig - Magdeburg and the B 185 Harzgerode - Dessau are of utmost importance. Munich - With the south the motorway A 9 Berlin running. The direct way of Zerbst region to the city of Köthen via the Federal Highway 187a, but which can be passed over the Elbe at Aken only with a ferry. Leipzig and Aschersleben - - In Köthen Dessau, the two rail lines meet Magdeburg. The two southernmost cities Landsberg and Bitterfeld- Wolfen be of the railway Halle - Berlin affected. By the northern district area the web from Magdeburg wrong about Zerbst to Dessau. About public inland port Aken at the Federal Elbe waterway access to the North Sea ports and to Southern and Eastern Europe is guaranteed.

Economy

In the south of the county not only the industrial focus of the region but of the whole state of Saxony -Anhalt is located. Chemistry ( Chemical Park Bitterfeld- Wolfen ), metal processing and production of solar cells determine the traditional economic region of Bitterfeld- Wolfen. Köthen forms with the Anhalt University of the scientific center of the county, while the north is predominantly agricultural.

Colonization

The population density there is a clear north-south gradient. Alone in the southern administrative community Bitterfeld-Wolfen and the adjacent unit communities Sander village and Zoerbig live on about 130 square kilometers (9% of total ) 42 percent of the county population. The northernmost administrative community Elbe- Ehle Nuthe with 21 municipalities and the city of Zerbst bring it at about 480 km ² (33 % of the area ) only 13 percent of the population.

Health service

In May 2008, there were in Anhalt- Bitterfeld 111 GPs, five percent were 60-64 years old.

Cities and Towns

The district is made up of ten municipalities unit.

(in brackets inhabitants on 31 December 2012 )

Unit communities

Field changes

In the years since 1990 in what is now the district of Anhalt- Bitterfeld, as in the entire state of Saxony- Anhalt extensive territorial changes took place.

Of the original 17 -governing communities on the present territory of the county since January 1, 2010, no more. The number of municipalities was reduced from 118 to 13

Management Communities ( VG)

Resolution of the VG - Köthen Arens Village Baasdorf - inclusion of communities in the city of Köthen (Anhalt ) ( 1 January 2004)
Resolution of VG Ziethetal - Integration of Local Dohndorf, Löbnitz in Linde and Wülknitz in Köthen (Anhalt ); Integration of the community into the church Wörbzig Gröbzig in the VG Fuhneaue; Inclusion of the remaining four communities in the VG Osternienburg (1 January 2004 )
Resolution of VG Sander village - inclusion of communities in the municipality Sander village ( 1 July 2004)
Resolution of the VGs Anhalt- South, Fuhneaue and Upper Ziethetal - Formation of the Southern VG Anhalt from 22 municipalities of the dissolved VGEN (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of the VGs Muldestausee and pain Bach - formation of VG Muldestausee pain stream from ten municipalities of the dissolved VGEN (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of the VG on Strengbach - Formation of VG Bitterfeld from the communities of the dissolved VG On Strengbach, the city of Bitterfeld, the municipality Holzweißig and two communities from the dissolved VG Muldestausee (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of the VG - Jeßnitz Bobbau - integration of community Jeßnitz (Anhalt) in the VG Raguhn; Integration of communities and Greppin Bobbau in the administrative community Wolfen (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of the VGs Loburg, Vorfläming and Zerbst country - education of the administrative community Elbe- Ehle Nuthe from 21 municipalities of the dissolved VGEN (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of VG Zoerbig - formation of a unified community Zoerbig from the member communities (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of Bitterfeld and Wolfen VGs - Formation of VG Bitterfeld-Wolfen from seven municipalities of the dissolved VGEN and the newly formed city of Bitterfeld- Wolfen ( 1 July 2007)
Resolution of VG Osternienburg - Federation of member communities to the new community Osternienburger Land (1 January 2010 )
Resolution of VG Elbe- Ehle Nuthe - integration of member communities to Zerbst / Anhalt (1 January 2010 )
Resolution of VG Southern Anhalt - Federation of member municipalities except Görzig, Gröbzig and Piethen to the new town Southern Anhalt (1 January 2010 )
Resolution of VG Muldestausee pain Bach - Federation of member communities with the communities Friedersdorf and Mühlbeck from the dissolved VG Bitterfeld-Wolfen for new community Muldestausee (1 January 2010 )
Resolution of VG Raguhn - Federation of member communities to the new city Raguhn - Jeßnitz (1 January 2010 )

Incorporations

Resolution of the municipality Reuden - incorporation to Wolfen (4 February 1994)
Resolution of the municipality Kleinzerbst - incorporation to Aken (18 March 1993)
Resolution of the municipality Merzien - incorporation to Köthen (Anhalt) (8 August 1994)
Resolution of the municipality Pulspforde - incorporation to Zerbst (1 April 2002)
Resolution of the communities Arens village, Baasdorf, Dohndorf, Löbnitz in Linde and Wülknitz - incorporation to Köthen (Anhalt ) ( 1 January 2004)
Resolution of the municipality Wörbzig - incorporation to Gröbzig (1 January 2004 )
Resolution of the communities Göttnitz, Löberitz, Salzfurtkapelle, Schrenz, Spören and Stumsdorf - incorporation to Zoerbig ( 1 March 2004)
Resolution of the municipality Großzöberitz - incorporation to Zoerbig (13 March 2004)
Resolution of the municipality Rödgen - incorporation to Wolfen (15 March 2004)
Resolution of the communities Heideloh, Ramsin, Renneritz and Zscherndorf - incorporation to Sander village ( 1 July 2004)
Resolution of the municipality Gnetsch - incorporation to Weißandt- Gölzau (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of the municipality Cosa - incorporation to Prosigk (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of the communities Cösitz and Quetzdölsdorf - incorporation to Zoerbig (1 January 2005 )
Resolution of the communities Luso and bias - incorporation to Zerbst (1 January 2005 )
The separate towns of Bitterfeld and Wolfen and the communities Greppin, Holzweißig and Thalheim the newly formed city of Bitterfeld -Wolfen ( 1 July 2007)
Resolution of the municipality Schortewitz - incorporation to Zoerbig (1st March 2009)
Resolution of the communities Glebitzsch Petersroda and Roitzsch and the City of Landsberg - incorporation to Sander village ( 1 July 2009)
Resolution of the municipality Bobbau - incorporation to Bitterfeld- Wolfen (1 September 2009)
Resolution of the city Gröbzig well as the communities Görzig and Piethen - incorporation to Southern Anhalt (1 September 2010)

Name Changes

Of Köthen (app ) to Köthen (Anhalt) (1 January 1998 )
Of Jeßnitz to Jeßnitz (Anhalt) (16 April 2002)
Of Zerbst Zerbst / Anhalt ( 1 July 2006)
Of Reuden to Reuden / Anhalt (6 December 2008)
By Sander Sander village to village - Landsberg with simultaneous granting of town rights ( 1 July 2009)

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