Ankara Agreement
The EEC - Turkey of 12 September 1963, also known as the Ankara Agreement ( Ankara Turkish Anlaşması ), is a between Turkey and the European Economic Community ( EEC) closed association agreement. This international treaty was signed in Ankara on 12 September 1963, entered into force on 1 December 1964 and was completed in subsequent years by protocols and decisions.
Conclusion of the Agreement
The agreement of Turkey opened the possibility of future accession to the European Economic Area, as well as 1961 the EEC - Greece, but unlike the agreements with Morocco and Tunisia in 1969, the agreement was signed together with a provisional Protocol and Financial Protocol and authorized a common Association. unanimously to adopt accompanying decisions. The financial protocol regulated loan to Turkey amounting to ECU 175 million ( European Currency Unit ).
Additional Protocols and decisions
By Decision No 2/ 69 of the Association Council, a " Committee on Customs Cooperation EC-Turkey " was used in 1969. In November 1970, an additional protocol and a second financial protocol in Brussels was signed and entered into force in January 1973. This Additional Protocol regulated a timetable and details for the establishment of the Customs Union. The second financial protocol provided for new loan to Turkey in a total of ECU 195 million.
The Association Council adopted on 20 December 1976, Decision No. 2/76, who made a first step in the preparation of the free movement of workers between the Community and Turkey. Decision 1/80 of the EEC- Turkey Association Council on the development of the Association of 19 September 1980 involved a turn also to employment and the free movement of the resident in one Member State of the European Union Turkish workers and their dependents, on the other hand, the abolition of import duties on almost all agricultural products from 1987.
Customs Union
By resolution of 1/95 of the EC- Turkey Association Council of December 1995 was justified on the basis of the Association Agreement with Turkey Customs Union and by Decision No 1 /98 of the EC- Turkey on 25 February 1998, the mutual preferential arrangements for agricultural trade between Turkey and the Community gradually improved.
Turkey became the 1996 part of the European Customs Union. Almost all goods (except coal, steel and agricultural products) which were transferred to the EU or in Turkey put into free circulation ( of whatever origin ) can be imported with the movement certificate A.TR duty free to the EU / Turkey. Agricultural products and coal and steel, there are preferential agreements.
After the then European Community in 1989 had a Turkey's application for full membership rejected nor unanimously, it was decided at the EU summit in Luxembourg in December 1997 that they would for a candidate in question.
The Association Agreement was the political basis for issuing the Republic of Turkey in 1999 zuerteilten official status of a candidate country of the European Union.
The EU provided for the 2005 captured Turkey's accession negotiations with the European Union on the condition that Turkey signed a second Additional Protocol to the Agreement, the so-called Ankara Protocol of 2005. It regulates the expansion of the EU since 1996 customs union with Turkey on the ten new members that joined the EU in May 2004, including the not recognized by Turkey Republic of Cyprus. As Turkey at the signing of the Protocol of 2005 conditional unilateral explained what the signing meant no international recognition of Cyprus, the protocol has not been ratified.