Anthypatos

Anthypatos (Greek ἀνθύπατος ) is the Greek translation of the Latin proconsul. In the Greek -speaking eastern part of the Roman Empire the title in the Roman and early Byzantine period was used in the management it remained until the 9th century exist. Thereafter, until the 11th century, it was a Byzantine Would titles.

History and Function

In late antiquity and the early Byzantine period the title Anthypatos to the governors of some specific provinces (Asia, Africa, Achaea and Konstantin Opel 330-359 ) until the 7th century, when the late Roman administrative system was replaced by the subjects constitution.

The title was then used in the context of issues: thematic Eparchoi kai Anthypatoi ( " Eparch and proconsuls " ) are assigned to the early ninth century in Asia Minor. The office was civil in nature and probably subordinate to the praetorian prefect in Constantinople Opel. From this point, the title was used rather than honorary title because as an official name: Theophanes reports that Emperor Theophilos ( reign 829-842 ) Alexios Mousele, the husband of his wife, Maria, was distinguished with the titles " Patrikios and Anthypatos ", making him the other on the patrician raised. This change coincided with the abandonment of most of the traditions of late antiquity, as were anthypatoi replaced as a civil administrator by the military strategoi the themata and in their role as supervisor of food for the army and in financial matters by the less influential Prōtonotarioi.

No later than the end of the reign of Michael III. ( 842-867 ) was the title to a regular title Would, one rank above the Patrikioi. The full title Anthypatos kai Patrikios was some high -ranking civilian and military sizes during the 10th and 11th centuries, forgive. ( " First Anthypatos " πρωτανθύπατος, Greek ) and once even Disanthypatos In the 11th century the titles are Prōtanthypatos (Greek: δισανθύπατος, " doubly Anthypatos " ) testified. However, all these titles disappeared in the 12th century.

The Klētorologion of According Philotheos (written 899 ) were the insignia of the Anthypatos clay tablets described with purple. Their ceremony meant bringing in the new title by the emperor.

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